Uticaj redovne fizičke aktivnosti na funkciju pluća i adaptaciju respiratornog sistema

R.N. Mitić ,
R.N. Mitić
Lj. Popović
Lj. Popović

Published: 15.01.2014.

Volume 42, Issue 2 (2013)

pp. 23-27;

Abstract

Tokom intenzivne fizičke aktivnosti dolazi do fiziološke adaptacije funkcije različitih organskih sistema pri čemu adaptacija respiratornog sistema predstavlja najsloženiji proces. Tokom aerobnog vežbanja povećava se potrošnja kiseonika za 10-20 puta na nivou celog organizma, dok to povećanje na nivou angažovane muskulature može da bude veće i do 100 puta. Kao odgovor na povećanu potrebu za razmenom gasova (kiseonikom) javlja se intenziviranje procesa ventilacije dok su rezultati dobijeni ispitivanjem odgovora disajnih puteva krajnje kontradiktorni. Ograničenja u ekspiratornom protoku mogu da limitiraju alveolarnu ventilaciju i zajedno sa zamorom dijafragme predstavljaju osnovu za smanjenu fizičku osposobljenost i izdržljivost sportista. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je proučavanje efekta redovnog treninga na funkciju pluća i adaptaciju respiratornog sistema. U eksperimentu je učestvovalo 60 ispitanika (30 sportista i 30 studenata) kojima su spirometrijskim testom u stanju mirovanja određivani ventilatorni parametri: FVC, FEV1, odnos FEV1/FVC, kao i protoci: PEF, FEF25-75, FEF25, FEF50, FEF75. Kod sportista su dobijeni sledeći rezultati (% od predviđene vrednosti): FVC=105,9%; FEV1=106,3%; odnos FEV1/FVC=101,2%; PEF=97,2%; FEF25-75=102, 2%; FEF25=90,1%; FEF50=96,4% i FEF75=88,5%. Slični rezultati su dobijeni i kod studenata: FVC=101,5%; FEV1101,8%; odnos FEV1/FVC=101,7%; PEF=92,8%; FEF25-75=99 , 6%; FEF25=90,4%; FEF50=93,7% i FEF75=86,7%. Dobijeni rezultati nisu pokazivali značajnu razliku između ispitivanih parametara ukazujući da nema razlike u funkciji respiratornog sistema u stanju mirovanja između aktivnih sportista i zdrave sedentarne populacije.

Keywords

References

1.
Society AT. Standardization of Spirometry, 1994 Update. *Am J Respir Crit Care Med*. 1995;152(3):1107–36.
2.
Amonette WE, Dupler TL. The effects of respiratory muscle training on VO2max, the ventilatory threshold and pulmonary function. *Journal of Exercise Physiology (online)*. 2002;5(2):29–35.
3.
Boutellier U, Buchel R, Kundert A, Spengler C. The respiratory system as an exercise limiting factor in normal trained subjects. *European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology*. 1992;65(4):347–53.
4.
Clanton TL, Zuo L, Klawitter P. Oxidants and skeletal muscle function: Physiologic and pathophysiologic implications. *Proc Soc Exp Biol Med*. 1999;222(3):253–62.
5.
Enright SJ, Unnithan VB, Heward C, Withnall L, Davies DH. Effect of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training on lung volumes, diaphragm thickness, and exercise capacity in subjects who are healthy. *Physical Therapy*. 2006;86(3):345–54.
6.
Guenette JA, Sheel AW. Physiological consequences of a high work of breathing during heavy exercise in humans. *Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport*. 2007;10(6):341–50.
7.
Guyton H. *Textbook of medical physiology*. 2011.
8.
Janssens J. Aging of the respiratory system: impact on pulmonary function tests and adaptation to exertion. *Clinics in Chest Medicine*. 2005;26(3):469–84, .
9.
Leeuwenburgh C, Heinecke JW. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in exercise. *Current Medicinal Chemistry*. 2001;8(7):829–38.
10.
Lekić DM. *Fiziologija sporta - sa osnovama biohemije i anatomije*. 2001.
11.
Nikolaidis MG, Jamurtas AZ. Blood as a reactive species generator and redox status regulator during exercise. *Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics*. 2009;490(2):77–84.
12.
Radak Z, Chung HY, Goto S. Systemic adaptation to oxidative challenge induced by regular exercise. *Free Radical Biology & Medicine*. 2008;44(2):153–9.
13.
Sable MS, Sable SS, Zingade US, Kowale AN. Preliminary study of lung functions in athletes and nonathletes in Marathwada region. *Int J Cur Res Rev*. 2012;4(21):57–63.
14.
Silverman NK, Johnson AT, Scott WH, Koh FC. Exercise-induced respiratory resistance changes as measured with the airflow perturbation device. *Physiological Measurement*. 2005;26(1):29–38.
15.
Taylor NAS, Groeller H. Physiological bases of human performance during work and exercise. 2008.

Citation

Copyright

Article metrics

Google scholar: See link

The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Most read articles

Indexed by