Za razliku od adultnih osoba, kardijalni arest kod odojčadi i dece često nije rezultat primarno kardijalnog uzroka. Češće nastaje kao krajnji ishod progresivne respiratorne insuficijencije ili šoka, zbogčega se naziva i asfiksijskim arestom. Osnovna kardiopulmonalna (KPR) posle kardijalnog aresta mora započeti odmh. Brza i efektivna KPR udružena je sa uspešnim uspostavljanjem spontane cirkulacije i neurološki intaktnom preživljavanju dece sa kardijalnim arestom. Novembra 2010. godine Američka Kardiološka Asocijacija i Internacionalni konsenzus za KPR i Urgentnu kardiovaskularnu i kardiorespiratonu negu objavili su novi vodič za KPR sa izmenjenim preporukama, obeležavajući 50 godina moderne KPR.
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