Background: People with diabetes more often experienced severe clinical forms of COVID-19. However, it has been hypothesized that certain antidiabetic drugs may be associated with better outcomes in COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the change in consumption of antidiabetic drugs in Serbia.
Methods: This descriptive analysis was carried out using publicly accessible data obtained from the official website of the Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia during the period 2006-2022. The joinpoint regression analysis was applied to investigate the dynamics of antidiabetic drugs utilization over time.
Results: In the Republic of Serbia, this study analyzed the use of 28 antidiabetic drugs between 2006 and 2022.The results showed that at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in consumption of dulaglutide (starting from 2020) and a decrease in consumption of insulin detemir (starting from 2019), insulin lispro (combined) and insulin lispro (fast-acting) (starting from 2020).
Conclusion: Our study revealed significant changes in the usage of certain antidiabetic drugs, such as increased consumption of dulaglutide and decreased use of various insulin types. These changes reflect the evolving strategies in diabetes treatment to better support patients during this global health crisis.
Key words: antidiabetic drugs, impact of Covid-19, consumption, Serbia
Shi Q, Zhang X, Jiang F. Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality of COVID-19patients with diabetes in Wuhan.
17.
18.
CariouB HS, M W. Phenotypic characteristics and prognosis of inpatients withCOVID-19 and diabetes: the CORONADO study.
19.
Chen Y, Gong X, Wang L, Guo J. Effects of hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease on COVID-19 diseases severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
20.
Gupta R, Ghosh A, Singh AK, Misra A. Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic.
21.
Bucsa C, Farcas A, Iaru I, Mogosan C, Rusu A. Drug utilisation study of antidiabetic medication during 2012‐2019 in Romania. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2021;75(11).
22.
Bucsa C, Farcas A, Iaru I, Mogosan C. Drug utilization study of antidiabetic medication during 2021– 2019 in Romania. Int J ClinPract.
23.
ObesMetab. 2023;25(4):1002–10.
24.
Pottegård A, Andersen JH, Søndergaard J, Thomsen RW. Changes in the use of glucose-lowering drugs: a Danish nationwide study. Diabetes.
25.
Csatordai M, Benkő R, Matuz M, Engi Z, Csupor D, Lengyel C, et al. Trends and regional differences in antidiabetic medication use: a nationwide retrospective observational study. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome. 16(1).
26.
Csatordai M, Benkő R, Matuz M. Trends and regional differences in antidiabetic medication use: a nationwide retrospective observational.
27.
Front Clin Diabetes Healthc. 2022;
28.
Bharill S, Lin T, Arking A, Brown EA, West M, Busin K, et al. Worsening glycemic control in youth with type 2 diabetes during COVID-19.
29.
30.
Chen Y, Gong X, Wang L, Guo J. Effects of hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease on COVID-19 diseases severity: a.
31.
compared with point-of-care measurement in critically ill patients. Medicine. 2018;97(36).
32.
M. L, Y. Z, J. G, X. W, Y K. Continuous glucose monitoring system can improve the quality of glucose control and glucose variability.
33.
34.
European Medicines Agency (EMA). Multistakeholder workshop on shortages of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. 2024;
35.
Wright DR, Guo J, Hernandez I. A Prescription for Achieving Equitable Access to Antiobesity Medications. JAMA Health Forum. 4(4):e230493.
36.
Wright DR, Guo J, Hernandez I. A Prescription for Achieving Equitable Access to Antiobesity Medications. JAMA Health Forum. 2023;4(4).
37.
Insight. 2023;8(22).
38.
Probst L, Monnerat S, Vogt DR, Lengsfeld S, Burkard T, Meienberg A, et al. Effects of dulaglutide on alcohol consumption during smoking cessation. JCI.
39.
Jang HN, Moon SJ, Jung JH, Han KD, Rhee EJ, Lee WY. Impact of Antidiabetic Drugs on Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19: A Nationwide Population-Based.
40.
Gonikman D, Kustovs D. Antidiabetic Drug Efficacy in Reduction of Mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Medicina. 59(10):1810.
41.
Gonikman D, Kustovs D. Antidiabetic Drug Efficacy in Reduction of Mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Medicina. 2023;59(10).
42.
Microbiota in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(8).
43.
Bica IC, Pietroșel VA, Salmen T, Diaconu CT, FierbinteanuBraticevici C, Stoica RA, et al. The Effects of Cardioprotective Antidiabetic Therapy on.
44.
Wiernsperger N, Al-Salameh A, Cariou B, Lalau JD. Protection by metformin against severe Covid-19: An in-depth mechanistic analysis. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2022;48(4):101359.
45.
Wiernsperger N, Al-Salameh A, Cariou B, Lalau JD. Protection by metformin against severe COVID-19: An in-depth mechanistic analysis.
46.
Lim S, Bae JH, Kwon HS, Nauck MA. COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2021;17(1):11–30.
47.
Lim S, Bae JH, Kwon HS. COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management. Nat Rev. 2021;(l17):11–30.
Ouchi D, Vilaplana-Carnerero C, Dios V, Giner-Soriano M, Morros R. Antidiabetic treatment and COVID-19 Outcomes: A population-based cohort.
50.
Kabootari M, Habibi Tirtashi R, Hasheminia M, Bozorgmanesh M, Khalili D, Akbari H, et al. Clinical features, risk factors and a prediction model for in-hospital mortality among diabetic patients infected with COVID-19: data from a referral centre in Iran. Public Health. 2022;202:84–92.
51.
model for in-hospital mortality among diabetic patients infected with COVID-19: Data from a referral centre in Iran. Public Health. 2022;202:84–92.
52.
Kabootari M, HabibiTirtashi R, Hasheminia M, Bozorgmanesh M, Khalili D, Akbari H, et al. Clinical features, risk factors and a prediction.
53.
Diabetes Res ClinPract. 2023;204(110945).
54.
estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res ClinPract. 2021;183(109119).
55.
Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, Pinkepank M, Ogurtsova K, Duncan BB, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence.
56.
World Health Organization (WHO. Diabetes. 2024;
57.
Disease Study GB. Results. 2021.
58.
59.
60.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Joinpoint trend analysis software. 2020;
61.
National Cancer Institute (NCI). Joinpoint trend analysis software. 2024;
62.
63.
Mellitus Management. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne. 2017;8(6).
64.
A DC, VS RD, S K, A C, R R. Clinical Review of Antidiabetic Drugs.
65.
66.
Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment, 2024. 2024;
67.
Diabetes Federation (IDF. Facts & figures.
68.
Health Organization (WHO). Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. ATC/DDD Index. 2023;
69.
70.
Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia (ALIMS). Trade and consumption of medicines for human use in Republic of Serbia in. 2020;
71.
Smati S, Tramunt B, Wargny M, Gourdy P, Hadjadj S, Cariou B. COVID-19 and Diabetes Outcomes: Rationale for and Updates from the CORONADO Study. Current Diabetes Reports. 2022;22(2):53–63.
72.
Smati S, Tramunt B, Wargny M. COVID-19 and Diabetes Outcomes: Rationale for and Updates from the CORONADO Study. CurrDiab Rep. 22.
73.
Health RP. 2020;
74.
Mirabelli M, Chiefari E, Puccio L, Foti DP, Brunetti A. Potential Benefits and Harms of Novel Antidiabetic Drugs During COVID-19 Crisis. Int J Environ.
75.
study in primary health care in Catalonia during the first wave of the pandemic. Prim Care Diabetes. 2022;16(6):753–9.
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
