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COMPLEMENT - ACTIVATION, REGULATION OF ACTIVATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Institute of Histology and Embryology, Medical fakulty , Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica , Kosovo*
Institute of Pathophysiology, Medical faculty , Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica , Kosovo*
Institute of Physiology, Medical faculty , Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica , Kosovo*
Institute of Physiology, Medical faculty , Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica , Kosovo*
Institute of Pharmacology and toxicology, Medical faculty , Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica , Kosovo*
Published: 01.12.2004.
Volume 32, Issue 2 (2004)
pp. 55-60;
Abstract
The complement system (complement) involves over 30 circulating and membrane-fixed proteins with an effector
role in the innate and humoral immunity. These proteins help the function of antibodies to protect the organism from foreign
molecules (antigens) which the term complement comes from. Soluble proteins of the complement system made mainly in
the liver and circulate in blood in an inactive form. The activation of complement may be initiated in three ways (classical,
alternative and lecitin pathway), and it is realized by sequential proteolysis of complement proteins (proenzymes) which
become emzymes with the proteolitic activity after cleavage. Products of the activatin of complement bind to the surface of
microbes or to the antibodies bound to antigens. An activated complement shows a number of biological effects, such as
lysis of an attached cell, opsonization, neutralization of viruses, inflammation, clearance of immune complexes etc. In contrast of microorganisms, human cells have a number of regulatory proteins which prevent the complement activation and in that way, they regulate its activity
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