The aim of this study was to determine the functional state of the feet of 40 boys aged 12 and 6 moths up to 13 and 6 months and by using the criterion variable of the 500 m run, to carry out a comparative analysis of their running speed. The subjects were divided into three groups: group I which numbered 14 boys with normal feet, group II which numbered 14 boys with high arches (pes excavatus) and group III numbering 12 boys with flat feet (pes planus). The diagnosis of the feet conditions was made following the inspection of the Achilles' tendon and the medial edge of the foot, followed by a plantogram. The statistical analysis of the results from the 500 m run was carried out by means of basic statistics, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Ò criterion used to determine the source of the variability while testing the normality of the distribution. The analysis of the obtained results led us to the conclusion that foot deformities represent a negative factor for the ability to perform the 500m run which is one of the requirements in the battery of tests used in elementary schools. The analysis of variance, ANOVA, has indicated that there are significant differences between the boys in terms of their results for the 500 m run (p=.00). The difference between the average running time of the boys with normal feet and the boys with high arches is not statistically significant, while the differences between the average results of the run for the boys with normal and flat feet, as well as between the boys with high arches and flat feet are statistically significant, which led us to the conclusion that flat feet have a greater negative impact on the running ability than high arches. We can assume that boys with feet deformities (especially the ones with flat feet) will probably be less physically active than boys with high arches, which also leads to their significantly weaker running abilities. 

Family planning is a civilizational value that should lead to a reduction of abortions, especially abortion as a method of family planning. Contraception or pregnancy prevention is the most purposeful way of birth control. It includes all the means and methods to a certain point, and certainly before the implantation of blastocyst, they stop the natural process of reproduction. The aim of our study is to analyze the application of some method of contraception among women who had and who had an early abortion in the sample and to analyze the application of some method of contraception in the study group of women and their correlation with the attendance of education in counseling contraceptive after intentional interruption of early pregnancy. A significant change in the use of contraceptive after pregnancy termination, and conducted training in family planning, is that the increased incidence of permanent contraceptive methods, compared to their occasional use.

The middle of last century it was established that the increased value registered fibrinogen in patients with coronary disease, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, patients with diabetes mellitus. Fibrinogen also participate in the earliest stages of atherosclerosis.Task of our research was to compare the level of fibrinogen in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications, and manifested in patients with apparent chronic complications as well as the correlation of fibrinogen with the parameters of metabolic control. Included 64 respondents, a close age divided into 4 groups: control group, people of type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications, people with microvascular complications, and people with macrovascular complications.The highest average value of fibrinogen in the blood we had in the group with diabetes mellitus without complications (3.47±0.26 g/l) and the lowest mean value in the control group (2.87±0.15 g/l). It is a test of correlation showed a strong correlation with the value of fibrinogen level of development of chronic complications.

Total happening «en masse» is important to epidemiologist - and so it is «massive manifestation of natural system of the sickness» (PSB). Manifestation "en masse" of the natural system of parotitis N makes quantities of qualities N , N , B b N , N , N etc. a) «Causative connection» (UV) is the reason of sickness appearance. UV has its own causes of appearance, Z neB z and so the hierarchy of cause in the complex happening from subsystem. Nongenotopic or/and entropic causes of appearance of causative bonds (connections) as equilibrium connects and/or separates binary elements of causative bond  (connection). Pathogenic of contagium exists virtually in happening «en masse» in pre pathogenesis, prior to forming «immanent UV». b) Realising conjunction between the subsystems makes appearance of «immanent causative connection». That is a moment from which comes to obligatory demonstration of pathogenic as inner cause of contagium and consequent getting sick. The author concludes that «natural work» is the cause by which UV appears. Natural work is outer cause of massiveness. Just by appearance of "immanent UV" the showing of contagium pathogenic in the subsystem of sickness. The pathogenic of contagium can be proved by artificial experiment and that way the Henle-Koch postulates can be satisfied, It happens that way that input disturbance unable to be shown. Finally, anyway natural happening should pass judgement on authenticity of the theory on natural happening. 

670 students, of 3rd, 5th and 7th grade, were examined. 50,6% were boys, 526(78,51%) healthy (3<PB<90), that is well nourished students, (257-38,36%) boys and (269-40,15%) girls. There is statistically significant frequency of normally nourished children of 3rd, 5th and 7th grade in comparison to the whole frequency of appearing of the numbered eating disorders (p<0,001). Undernourished (PB) were 18 students (2,68%), 9 boys (1,34%) and 9 girls (1,34%). Malnutrition is statistically the least frequent eating disorder with children of 3rd, 5th and 7th grade. Pre-obese (90<PB<97) were 92 students (13,73%), where 47 were boys (7,01%) and 45 were girls (6,72%). Pre-obesity is statistically the most frequent eating disorder among children of 3rd, 5th and 7th grade (p<0,05). 34 students (5,07%) were diagnosed with obesity, 26 (3,88%) boys and 8 (1,19%) girls. Statistically the obesity appears more often with boys than with girls of the same age (p<0,001). In general the least manifested eating disorder with students of 3rd, 5th and 7th grade, but also in each class separately, is undernourishment, which appears with the same frequency both with boys and girls. Generally the most manifested disorder in nourishment with students of 3rd, 5th and 7th grade, but also in each class separately, is pre-obesity which appears with the same frequency both with boys and girls. The level of obesity is the highest with the students of 3rd grade, and the lowest with the students of 5th grade.

Doxorubicin is the most frequently used anthracycline antibiotic that expresses significant toxicity. Among all side  effects, hematological are the most common, while cardiac side effects are the most serious and the most important. The aim of this study was to investigate whether doxorubicin containing combined chemotherapy used in treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), influences electrical activity of the myocardium and left ventricular function in affected children. Experimental group consisted of 20 children with newly diagnosed ALL treated according to protocol YU ALL 95, while the control group consisted of 20 healthy children. Electrocardiograms (ECG) at rest were taken and analyzed, and corrected QT intervals (QTc) calculated. All children had echocardiograms (ECHO) including fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF). Electrocardiograms, FS and EF were normal in all subjects, and were similar in both groups.

Alkaptonuria is one of 4 disorders originally defined as an inborn error of metabolism. The hallmark of the disease is passage of urine that becomes black when left standing. There is a familial pattern of inheritance. The defect lies in the catabolic pathway of tyrosine. The product, homogentisic acid, in deficiency of the hepatic enzyme homogentisate 1,2- dioxygenase (HGO) accumulates in the blood, but is rapidly cleared in the kidney and excreted. Upon contact with air, homogentisic acid is oxidized to form a pigmentlike polymeric material responsible for the black color of standing urine. Although homogentisic acid blood levels are kept very low through rapid kidney clearance, over time homogentisic acid is deposited in cartilage throughout the body and is converted to the pigmentlike polymer through an enzyme-mediated reaction that occurs chiefly in collagenous tissues. As the polymer accumulates within cartilage, a process that takes many years, the normally transparent tissues become slate blue, an effect ordinarily not seen until adulthood. The earliest sign of the disorder is the tendency for diapers to stain black.. but in most cases desease is hardly diagnosed before the fourth decade of life, external signs of pigment deposition, called ochronosis, begin to appear. The slate blue, gray, or black discoloration of sclerae and ear cartilage is indicative of widespread staining of the body tissues, particularly cartilage. The hips, knees, and intervertebral joints are affected most commonly and show clinical symptoms resembling rheumatoid arthritis. Because of calcifications that occur in these sites, however, the radiologic picture is more consistent with osteoarthritis.

In neurophysiology the concept of lateralization of brain hemisphere functions is related to the existence of differences in their functioning. The aim of the research was to determine for the right-handed females whether there is a connection between the degree of lateralization of brain hemispheres and the variables of cognitive potential P300 (latency and amplitude). In 30 study participated 70 girls, age 20-23 years. In the first group where 29 strong expressed right-hand girls, in the second group 30 moderately expressed right hand girls, and in the third group 11 right-hand learned girls. The reserch workers were using the "oddball" paradigm with two tones: "standard" (90dB 1000Hz) and "expected-target" (90dB 2000Hz) for the registration of the P300 potential. The tones were binauraly presented in irregular intervals and irregular order. P300 evoked potentials were registered above Fz and Cz area. Results showed the cognitive P300 wave latency to be significantly shorter when responding with dominant hand in first group. P300 wave latency in girls from second group was a shorter with engagement of the right hand. Cognitive P300 potentials above the FZ and Cz regions àt the first group have a significantly shorter latency compared to the average latency of potentials registered in girls from second group. Cognitive P300 amplitude waves are higher above central regions independently of the hand used.

Women in the age of 70 years admitted to the hospital in severe condition, 4 months after transvaginal hysterectomy. Physical examinaton revealed small bowel loops passing through the anus into the auter spaces. Previous surgery was as follows: Hysterctomia totalis vaginalis, conservatio adnexorum bill, colpoperineoplastica cum myorraphiam mm. levatores any, vaginopexia sacrospinalis sec. Nichols pp. prolapsus utery totalis am. n 4. On that occasion the anterior wall of rectosygmoid colon was damageden size 70x50 mm by that time. The lesions was neither noted nor repaired during. Postoperativne course was uneventful. After 4 mounths, during phisical strain patient felt sudden pain in abdomen, need for passing the bowels, noting the passage of the intestines through the annal appertura immediate reoperation was undertaken. Through medial infraumbilical approad small intestine was mannualy repositioned the lesion of the large intestine was managed by primary suttures Vicryl 000. Drainage of peritoneum performed. Postoperative course un univentful. Intestinal function restored. Wound healed correctly, per primam.

Myenteric nervous plexus is from rare importance for function of gastrointestinal tract. It perform one regulatory level autonomic nervous system which is situated within wall of digestive tract wherefore is directly exposed effect pathogenetic factors from extern ambiance. Aim of these study is that itself within terminal part of large intestine (sigmoid colon and rectum) particulary inquest myentric nervous plexus as part of autonomic nervous system. That itself describe shape and arrangement of ganglion structures, as well as, shape and arrangement of ganglion cells of myenteric nervous plexus. Within our researches we use totally 60 tissue samples of human sigmoid colon and rectum. From anterior wall those part of large intestine was taken 30 samples, also and same number of samples towards parts of posterior wall. Proximately past getting samples was determine their volume by using picnometre. Afterwards are made preparations coloured by He, Cresyl - violet and AgNO methods. Tissue samples are sliced within step - shared series of incisions with thickness slice by 7µm and 3 thickness grade by 50µm. Stereologycal analysis was perform by test system M42 which is calibrated on enlarge objective 40x. During analysis was determined absolute volume of ganglion structures of myenteric plexus and absolute number of ganglion cells inside of ganglion structures. Structures of myenteric nervous plexus being shown on longitudinal cross - section of tissues as flat, irregular ramify structure explicitly limited from surrounding smooth muscles. Immanent is upward trend absolute volume of ganglion structures and absolute number of ganglion cells goes from sigmoid colon according to ampullar part of rectum. Variance on level of significance by p<0,05 are present only if itself compare absolute volume of ganglion structures and absolute number of ganglion cells of myenteric plexus ampullar part of rectum and uppermost part of sigmoid colon. Test correlation shows of being presence high statistic significant (p<0,001) correlation between absolute volume of ganglions and absolute number of ganglion cells of myenteric nervous plexus.