Alkoholizam je jedan od 300 do danas istraženih i utvrđenih faktora rizika za nastanak infarkta mozga. Redukovan broj neurona zbog moždanog infarkta i premorbidnog alkoholizma, uz brojne poremećaje funkcije mozga, za posledicu mora imati i oštećen metabolizam dopamina (DA), tj. metaboličkog obrta DA (3, 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + homovanilic acid, DOPAC + HVA). Osnovni cilj istraživanja je dokazivanje poremećaja koncentracijskog sadržaja DA i metaboličkog obrta DA kod bolesnika sa moždanim infarktom, a premorbidnih alkoholičara, biohemijskim pregledom likvora, i to u poređenju sa nalazom u likvoru bolesnika bez akutne moždane lezije. Formirane su dve grupe hospitalno lečenih bolesnika za svrhe ovog istraživanja. Ispitivanu grupu A čini 50 bolesnika sa akutno nastalim moždanim infarktom a premorbidnih alkoholičara. Svi su mlađi od 65 godina. Kontrolnu grupu (grupa B) čini 30 bolesnika hospitalno lečenih zbog vertiginoznih smetnji, a mlađih od 65 godina. Likvor (CSF) uzet je neposredno pri prijemu na bolničko lečenje bolesnicima grupe A, a bolesnicima kontrolne grupe B u prvoj sedmici hospitalizacije i čuvan na -70°C do pregleda. Laboratorijski je utvrđen povišen sadržaj DA, kao i njegovih metabolita (DOPAC + HVA) u likvoru bolesnika sa moždanim infarktom a ranijih alkoholičara za p<0,05. Rezultati sugerišu da DA ima značajnu ulogu u nastanku ishemijskog oštećenja. Nalaz ukazuje na značajno ubrzanje metabolizma DA kod bolesnika sa moždanim infarktom a ranijih alkoholičara. Pored toga potvrđuje i značaj DA u patogenezi ishemijske smrti neurona.

Osnovni cilj istraživanja je utvrđivanje relacija između morfoloških karakteristika sa rezultatskom efikasnošću u agilnosti kod učenika starih četrnaest godina obuhvaćenih aerobnim vežbanjem. U studiju je bilo uključeno 112 dece oba pola, učenika osnovnih škola u Kosovskoj Mitrovici uzrasta 14 godina ± 6 meseci. Procena antropometrijskih karakteristika ispitanika je vršena na osnovu sledećih mera: longitudinalna dimenzionalnost skeleta (visina tela, dužina ruke, dužina noge), cirkularna dimenzionalnost skeleta i masa tela (srednji obim grudnog koša, obim butine opružene noge, maksimalan obim potkolenice, masa tela), potkožno masno tkivo (debljina kožnog nabora trbuha, butine i potkolenice). Procena agilnosti ispitanika je testirana pomoću, koverta test, dužne koraca u stranu i izvoženje osmice sa savijanjem. Statistička analiza je obuhvatala osnovne parametre deskriptivne statistike, dok su kao mera diskriminativnosti merenja korišćeni indeksi zakrivljenosti i spljoštenosti. Kanonička korelaciona analiza primenjena je da bi se objasnila struktura relacija između dva skupa varijabli. Rezultati kanoničke korelacione analize na uzorku ispitanika pokazali su da na multivarijantnom nivou postoji jaka linearna veza između morfoloških karakteristika i agilnosti dece obuhvaćene aerobnim vežbanjem.

Cutaneus melanoma is the most malignant tumor of the skin. Melanoma arises from the malignant transformation of melanocytes at the dermal-epidermal junction or from the nevomelanocytes of atypical melanocytic nevi, that become invasive and metastasize after various time intervals. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic technique in dermato- venereology that includes the inspection of the lesion with a handheld dermoscope. Dermoscopy enables the evaluation of the specific morphological structures of the skin that are not visible to the naked eye.therefore, it links clinical dermatology and dermatopathology. The major goal is to differentiate pigmented lesions into melanocytic and nonmelanocytic lesions, and make further differentiations within each group. Furthermore, it is essential to distinguish melanoma from other me- lanocytic and nonmelanocytic skin lesions, and to diagnose melanoma and amelanotic melanoma in their early stages. Der- moscopic follow up includes long-term and short-term monitoring, and is an essential diagnostic technique in the manage- ment of pigmented skin lesions.

Bone and joints tuberculosis is a secondary infection of locomotor system, caused by a Mycobacterium Tuberculo- sis. Low incidence of tuberculosis has been maintained for a long period of time due to use of efficient chemotherapy. Howe- ver, in recent years increasing number of newly registered cases is seen, due to wide use of immunosuppressive therapy, spread of HIV, aging population. Those factors influence mycobacterium more likely to become drug resistant. The objecti- ve of the study is to review epidemiological, clinical,radiology and laboratory findings of bone and joints tuberculosis in our patients, and treatment efficiency. In 15 years of prospective study, 107 different ages male and female adult patients, were treated. In most cases spinal tuberculosis was registered (24%), then hip tuberculosis (17%), knee tuberculosis (16%) and tu- berculosis of sacroiliac joint (7%). Non operative treatment with antitubercular drugs was performed in all patients, while in 41% we used operative treatment. Early diagnosis of bone and joints tuberculosis, while treated with non operative (anti tu- berculosis drugs) and operative methods are preconditions to achieve high percentages of long term remission.

Aging as continous biological process, affect all organic systems. Aging is believed to affect the structure and function of the enteric nervous system. Prymary aim these studies is to verify changes in number of neurons in myenteric nervous plexus of human stomach within relation to process of aging. In the course of research played is analysis number of neurons in myenteric nervous plexus of anterior wall stomach. Analysis was performed within 30 tissue samples which are classified into three age groups: (from 20 to 44 years, from 45 to 64 years and over 65 to 84 year old). Played is histological processing and stained with HE, Cresyl-violet, AgNO3 and AChE methods. The morphometric measures operated by morphometric multipurpose test system M42. Finding results are statistically processed by Student-t-test and analysis of variance. Discernible is very heavy loss of neurons of myenteric plexus within the oldest group in relation to younger groups. Applied test show are having statistically notable variance between age groups. In percentage, the loss of neurons in the oldest group in relation to others was from 13,81% to 15,44%.

Copper is an essential element, a constituent of all living cells and an integral component of many enzymes. The increase in pollution of the environment, and various metabolic diseases, imbalances biological processes and homeostatic regulated content of bioelements in the body. For the purpose of determining changes in the contents of bioelements with increased intake of copper, the paper followed by interaction before and after ingestion of copper. The results showed that copper in excess causes disruption of physiological interactions of bioelements in tissues and significantly increases the content of iron and magnesium. The nature and relationships of these interactions are important, because in terms of exposure to metals, there are changes in their mutual relations, with some of these antagonistic relationships may be utilized for further study in order to protect them from toxicity.

Epidemiological characteristics of acute stroke certify the great importance of such disease, which takes the measures of a mass incontagious illness, because it represents one of leading causes of death and invalidity in the world. Contemporary knowledge about the complexity of cerebral infarct has been significantly increased thanks to new imaging methods, which allows correction of clinicaly stated diagnose. The aim of our research was to determine clinical manifestation signs of supratentorial infarcts and their presence compared to anatomic localisations of lesions. 60 patients were clinicaly tested, and a computerised tomografy of brain followed, which disclosed anatomic localisation of lesions. Results have shown that the maniestation of supratentorial infarct in the AMC zone has the most neurological signs, from conscious state disorders, graver pyramid deficit, speaking disorder to hemihypesthesia and hemianopsys. Lighter neurological deficit is found in infarcts which affect AAC and APC zones, which brings to a conclusion that knowing the clinical state and without applying neuroradiological methods can imply to localisation of supratentorial infarcts.

The two most common types of skin cancer are basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma, well known as nonmelanoma skin cancers. These cancers are the most common malignant tumors in white population and its incidence is increasing
dramatically. Information about the time of occurrence and cancer growth rate is a significant segment in establishing the primary skin cancer diagnosis. The aim of this prospective study is to determine the correlation between the size of basocellular and squamous cell carcinoma, represented through the function of cancer diameter and time period elapsed from their occurrence up to the surgical intervention. Apart from general anamnestic data, it was also insisted on as precise as possible datum referring to the cancer occurrence time. All cancers have been hystopathologically confirmed. Linear regressive analysis was used for establishing the interdependence between the diameters of tumors and their duration. The average growth of basocellular carcinoma in our patients was 4.3 mm on annual basis, i.e. 6.1 mm annually for squamous cell carcinoma. Tumor duration is a significant anamnestic datum for establishing diagnosis which can indicate a biological aggressiveness or skin cancer type. 

Diabetic retinopathy is the microangiopathy which procedures pre capillary arterioles, capillaries and post capillary venules. The length of disease and poor metabolic control, have the biggest impact on development and progression of DR. By the prospective study in Gracanica Health House, for the period time of six months, there were matched 50 patients with DM tip 2.Along of internal review, there were made ophthalmological review, and anthropometric and laboratory researches.

Even 1000 years BC the famous Persian physician Aviccena describet the first time gangrene diabetes mellitus as a complication. Basic pathohistological substrate vascular complication is atherosclerotic plaqueand therefore is an adequate treatment opf patients with vascular disease is conditioned by timely and precise diagnosis.The introduction of ultrasound technology in clinical practice enabled Edler and Hertz when the shou moves infarction 1954th,a then and Yoshida (1956.) and Sotomura (1959.), Frenklin (1961.) who are using ultrasound display of blood flow in the courts of man. The aim of our study was to deterimne the frequency of occurrences of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries and ultrasound examination of differences in the variability of certain plaques between patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and healthy subjects. The examination was attended by a total of 82 people divided into two group. In first group they are 51 persons suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2 in to second control, the number of healthy respondents was 31. Among our respondents, a significantly higher incidence and plaque vulnerability was ina group of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.