The most significant prostate diseases (PD) are benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
(PIN) and prostate cancer (PC). Generally, all PD are rare before the age of 50 with growing number of patients, primarily
with BHP, with each next decade, but about decade later the highest number of PIN and PC began to report. The aim of this
paper is to examine some of clinical, biochemical and histopathological characteristics of BPH, PIN and PC. Our sample
consisted of 169 men. Statisticaly the most common PD was BPH-77.5%, and the rarest PIN-8.3% (p<0.001). The average age of patients was 70.6±7.5 years (51-89) with no significant differences between diagnosis (p=0.415). PIN and PC are more often found in people from urban areas (p=0.004). In the central prostate area BPH is significantly higher in 88.5% (p<0.001). Peripheral parts are significantly more common places of PIN and PC (p<0.001). Median serum PSA values is statistically highest in PC-87.2 ng/ml (12.7-372.5), (p<0,001), especially those with predominantly peripheral parts localization. Gleason score is an important prognostic factor, with average value at PC is 7.32±1.4 (5-10), with a significantly higher values for diffuse PC. BPH is the most common, and PIN rarest PD. All diseases have occurred in people older than 50 years. Usually, BPH is in central and PIN and PC in peripheral prostate parts. PSA values were highest at PC, which is a prove of its importance in malignancy early detection.

Bronchiolitis is an acute viral disease of lower respitatory pathways in children under 2 years of age. It is manifested by coughing, whistling and refusing food intake. The most common cause of bronchiolitis is a respiratory syncytial virus. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone which is synthesized in the skin after sun exposure or food intake. With discovery of Vitamin D receptors and hydroxylated enzymes in immune cells, a potential role for Vitamin D in maintaining immune homeostasis was seen. It has been established that Vitamin D induces a change of the antimicrobial polypeptide, cathelicidin, which has both antibacterial and antiviral roles.

Uvod: Iako je plasiranje centralnog venskog katetera rutinska procedura koju izvode anesteziolozi, ono nosi određeni rizik od komplikacija. Jedna od komplikacija je malpozicija, odnosno neadekvatna pozicija katetera. Prikaz slučaja: Predstavljamo slučaj pacijentkinje koja je primljena u jedinicu intenzivne nege zbog povrede glave i povraćanja sveže krvi. Plasiran joj je centralni venski kateter kroz desnu unutrašnju jugularnu venu. Zbog hemodinamske nestabilnosti i potrebe za ordiniranjem tečnosti i krvi, nije odmah urađen RTG snimak grudnog koša radi procene položaja katetera. Nakon stabilizacije pacijentkinje, urađen je RTG snimak koji je pokazao da se vrh katetera ne nalazi u gornjoj šupljoj veni već u desnoj veni subklaviji. Zaključak: Ovaj slučaj je pokazao da vrh centralnog venskog katetera ne završi uvek u gornjoj šupljoj veni. Kada se nalazi u venskom sistemu, čak i kada nije u gornjoj šupljoj veni, može u urgentnim situacijama poslužiti za inicijalnu nadoknadu tečnosti i aplikovanje lekova, a po stabilizaciji pacijenta treba razmotriti repoziciju ili plasiranje novog katetera. Ključne reči: unutrašnja jugularna vena, vena subclavia, malprezentacija, venski kateter AUTORI SUMARY SRPSKI Introduction: Although placement of the central venous catheter is a routine procedure carried out by anesthesiologists, it carries a certain risk of complications. One of the complications is malposition, or inadequate catheter position. Case report: We present a case of the patient who was admitted to an intensive care unit due to head injury and blood vomiting. The central venous catheter was inserted through the right internal jugular vein. Due to haemodynamic instability and the need for fluid and blood infusion, a chest x-ray examination was not immediately performed to evaluate the position of the catheter. After the patient was stabilized, the test was performed and revealed that the tip of the catheter was not located in the superior vena cava but in the right subclavian vein. Conclusion: This case has shown that the misplacement of the central venous catheter tip is not unusual. Once in the venous system, even when it is not located in the superior vena cava, it can be used for initial fluid replacement and drug administration, and after the patient is stabilized, the repositioning or placement of a new catheter should be considered.