Regulation of uterine activity during pregnancy is due to the nature of the loss of humoral sympathetic, holinergical and peptidergic inervation. So far, nothing found that would indicated that the mechanism of premature birth and its pathogenesis different from the normal mechanism of delivery, except for different maturity of the fetus. Since a large number of substances that participate in the contraction and relaxation of miometrium (estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, etc.). Today's modern research has focused on prostaglandins and oxytocin, or their interaction. Accepting oxytocin as substance initiation deliveries it is difficult for two reasons: the level of oxytocin in the blood can not lift before the delivery and release of oxytocin remains constant during pregnancy. Oxytocin probably plays a role in support delivery for decidual cells stimulates the synthesis of uterine PGF2a.

Introduction: The process of recording a patient includes a procedure with several separate segments during work that together provide the imaging to be obtained for adequate radiological analysis. Throughout the process, it is possible to experience errors that create artifacts on X-rays which ultimately results in an inadequate recording that is not for valid analysis. Aim: Determine the total number of radiological films that are not for valid analysis. Sort out and analyze errors in radiographs according to the work process. Provide recommendations for improving the quality in the process of recording the patient. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Radiology Clinic of the Clinical Hospital Center Pristina-Gracanica, for two calendar years. All films that are not for valid analysis were considered. The radiological procedure of patient imaging was broken down into logical segments so that possible errors could be observed. We have summarized the causes of the artifacts in five appropriate groups (errors made by the recording technique, during the acquisition of the image, caused by the object of recording, during the processing of films in an automated machine and improper handling of films). Results: The total amount of used X-ray films is 32600 pieces, of which 242 (0.74%) were errors and artifacts. The most common format of a film with an error or artifact was 30x40 cm. A frequency of errors according to the cause of the occurrence is classified into appropriate groups. The largest number was in a group 1 - 155 (64.04%), in a group 2 - 3 (1.24%), in a group 3 - 13 (5.37%), in a group 4 - 67 (27.69%), and in a group 5 - 4 (1.66%). Conclusion: In the proper systematization of all observed errors and artifacts of X-ray film, it allows us to realise the place of error during the whole process of recording and processing of the film. We hereby wish to propose their elimination and improve the quality of the radiology department.

Introduction. Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction implies trembling, headache, temperature, rash, meningitis, respiratory problems, liver, kidney and heart dysfunction during antibiotic treatment of Lyme disease. Case outline. A 47-year-old patient in May 2016 had circular redness on the thigh, fatigue, myalgia, nausea and headache. Borrelia Burgdorferi IgM antibodies were positive. She took doxycycline 200 mg/day, four weeks. Western blot IgM and IgG were positive as well. Retreated with Azithromycin, 500 mg/day, three weeks. Next year, there was a sleep and memory disorder, fatigue, dizziness, right leg paresthesia and burning in the soles, muscle weakness, decreased sensitivity and right foot hyperreflexia. Electromyography showed axonal degeneration of the peroneus and the tibialis. Pleocytosis (5 leucocytes/mm³) and intrathecal IgG were found. Magnetic resonance of the head in order. Neuroborreliosis was diagnosed and treatment included ceftriaxone, 2 grams/day, three weeks. After the second dose, trembling, myalgia, headache, nausea, flushed nose, dizziness and nausea started. Temperature 37.8°C. No changes on the skin. The antibiotic was not interrupted, symptomatic therapy was administered, and after two days the symptoms stopped. Neurological disorders have not completely disappeared. Titre antibodies still present. Conclusion. Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction occurs in 7.0-30.0% of patients treated for Lyme disease. Causes are multifactorial. Spirochetes release toxins, hypersensitivity is present, phagocytes destroy agents, complements and cytokines are activated. It is often not recognized. Tremor, fever, myalgia and skin rashes are present before the antibiotic, and the worsening is attributed to the underlying disease or allergy. Doctors should expect it during the treatment of spirochete-related diseases and provide appropriate care.

Objective: In the available literature data, there is not much information about problems of patients with end stage kidney disease in relation to oral health. Our objective was to show the importance of oral diseases for patients on hemodialysis. Data sources: In this review article, the sources of data are review articles and scientific articles in the English language published in MEDLINE database. The choice of studies was based on keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Hemodialysis, Oral health, Periodontal diseases. Results: It is assumed that almost 90% patients with chronic kidney disease manifest some symptoms of oral disease. Therefore, it is important to determine the impact of periodontal disease on the progression of kidney failure in these individuals, to evaluate inflammatory parameters in this patient population, to assess the degree of bone loss and periodontal disease index, to determine the presence of bacterial strains, paradontopathy of gingival fluid and antibody titers, to examine correlations of proinflammatory cytokines in the gingival sulcus and serum, as well as to determine the relationship between periodontal tissue and inflammatory mediators. Periodontal diseases can increase the possibility of developing chronic kidney disease by 1.5 to 2 times. These oral diseases include gingival hyperplasia, periodontitis, xerostomia, unpleasant breath, changes in the oral mucosa, malignancies, oral infections, dental abnormalities and bone lesions. Conclusion: This requires serious cooperation between nephrologists and dentists to make proper communication possible, in order to provide quality dental care for this growing patient population in accordance with new treatment strategies.

Introduction: Postpartum depression negatively affects a woman's quality of life and the development of a relationship with her child, which can have far-reaching consequences on the cognitive, behavioral and emotional development of the child. Etiology includes genetic predisposition, sudden hormonal changes, and sociodemographic factors. Case report: A 28-year-old patient, married, mother of a one-month-old boy. She graduated from the High school of economics, unemployed. She appears in the family medicine clinic due to chronic fatigue and bad mood, at the insistence of her husband, who thinks that she needs professional help. She grew up in a harmonious family. He gets along well with his wife, there are no existential problems. It denies previous illnesses. Neat appearance, inconspicuous posture and behavior, psychomotor diskette slowed down, more sparse spontaneous verbalization, slightly compromised volitional instinctual dynamisms, lowered basic mood. In the laboratory findings, hypothyroidism with elevated thyroid peroxidase antibody and antithyreoglobulin antibodies is detected. The thyroid ultrasound verifies the right lobe of 46x14x15mm, the left lobe of 48x13x12mm, inhomogeneous and easily hypoechoic structure. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale indicates the presence of depression (total score 18). The patient is referred for a consultative examination by a psychiatrist and a nuclear medicine specialist. Psychiatrist indicates the introduction of Sertralin 50 mg tablets (1x1/2 for the first seven days, then 1x1) and Bromasepam tablets 1,5 mg (2x1/2), nuclear specialist Levotiroskin sodium tablets 50 mcg (1x1/2 for 5 days and 1x1 for 2 days). After six months, withdrawal of the symptoms of the disease and exclusion of therapy by a psychiatrist. Conclusion: Autoimmune thyroid disease is a significant and often unrecognized cause of postpartum depression. Early detection and timely therapeutic intervention of these have a significant role in the prevention and successful treatment of postpartum depression.

The new pandemic, caused by the corona viral disease 2019 (Covid-19), has brought with it a series of restrictive measures that have drastically altered people's way of life and which restrict freedom of movement, behavior and social engagement. At the time of pandemia, almost all aspects of each individual lifestyle have been impaired, especially in members of vulnerable groups, particularly women in postpartum women. Acute psychological reactions to a pandemia may include insomnia, fear of infection, anxiety, frustration, panic attacks, loneliness, but also depressive episodes. Non-psychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders can occur as an inability to adapt to stressful life situations. A comprehensive understanding of the impact of the pandemia on the mental health of women in the postpartum period is needed, in order to devise adequate approaches to recovery from such a major disaster as the Covid-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Obesity is one of the seven leading risk factors for the occurrence of the most common non infectious diseases. An epidemic model of the obesity prevalence increase is also present in the student population. To identify an overweight person, who has an increased relative risk status and who did not develope clinically manifested cardiometabolic disorders is a critical moment for the effective obesity prevention and treatment program. Objective: To determine the prevalence and status of relative risk of developing overweight related diseases among students at the University of Pristina-Kosovska Mitrovica. AUTORI SAŽETAK ENGLISH ORIGINALNI RADOVI Uvod: Gojaznost je svrstana među sedam vodećih faktora rizika za nastanak najčešćih nezaraznih bolesti. Epidemijski model povećanja prevalencije gojaznosti prisutan je i kod studentske populacije. Prepoznavanje osobe sa prekomernom težinom koja je u statusu povećanog relativnog rizika a kod koje se još uvek nisu razvili klinički manifestni kardiometabolički poremećaji je poslednji trenutak za efikasan program prevencije i lečenja gojaznosti. Cilj rada: Odrediti prevalenciju i status relativnog rizika od razvoja bolesti povezanih sa prekomernom uhranjenosti među studentima Univerziteta u Prištini-Kosovska Mitrovica. Metode rada: Procena stepena relativnog rizika od razvoja bolesti povezanih sa prekomernom uhranjenosti rađena je na osnovu izmerenog indeksa telesne mase (BMI-Body mass index), obima struka (WC-Waist circumference) i kombinovano BMI sa WC. Rezultati: U ispitivanju je učestvovalo ukupno 1686 studenta (44,4% muškog pola i 55,6% ženskog pola). Srednje vrednosti telesne težine, BMI i WC bile su ispod vrednosti korišćenih tačaka preseka. Status povećanog relativnog rizika od pridruženih bolesti je imalo: prema BMI-20,2% studenata (27,8% muškaraca i 14,1% žena); prema WC-12,6% (12,2% muškaraca i 12,9% žena) i prema BMI sa WC-20,2% (27,8% muškaraca i 14,1% žena). Postoji značajna razlika u stopi prevalencije koji su u statusu visokog i veoma visokog nivoa rizika u zavisnosti od metode procene (samo prema BMI i prema BMI sa WC). Zaključak: Utvrđena je visoka stopa prevalencije predgojaznosti i gojaznosti, opšte i abdominalne među studentima Univerziteta u Prištini-Kosovska Mitrovica. Oni se mogu svrstati u grupu studenata sa statusom povećanog relativnog rizika od nastanka i razvoja bolesti povezanih sa prekomernom uhranjenosti. Savetovalište za ishranu i dijetetiku u okviru Studentskog centra prema njima mora intenzivirati mere prevencije i eventualnog lečenja gojaznosti.