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Detection and distribution of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in patients with aggressive parodontopathy
Abstract
Parodontopathy is a complex disease of periodontal tissues. The patological changes that occure here are destructive and lead to gradual or progressive periodontium disease and its anatomical and functional desintegration. The aim of the research was to use the PCR method (Polimerase Chain Reaction) to identify the presence and spreading of the oral pathogen Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival plaque in patients suffering from the agressive parodontopathy and then compare it to qualitative-quantitaive structure of dental plaque in patients suffering from chronic parodontopathy. The study included 70 patients, average age of 45. The identification of microorganisms in subgingival plaque was determined by PCR method. In order to comfirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of destruction of periodontal tissue the standar epidemiological criteria were used: plaque index (Silness-Lӧe), gingival index (Lӧe-Silness), SBI index (Mühleman-Son) and DPP. Extremely high statictical significance of presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was obtained in patients with agressive parodontopathy. The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis showed the difference in distribution in patients with chronic as well as in patients with agressive pardontopathy. In our sample A.a was detected in a high percentage of younger patients with the diagnosis of agressive parodontopathy. Higher rate of A. actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival plaque has a direct impact on the course of parodontopathy. Its detection may be a useful marker for identifying the icreased risk for developing agressive parodontopathy in patients of younger population.
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