Scientific research of effects of glucagon on the cardiovascular system have shown that glucagon has some
cardiostimulatory potential. The very interesting fact is that glucagon shows its cardiostimulatory effects by activating its
own, higly specific glucagonic receptors. That is way we wanted to research not only the effects of glucagon on the C.V.S.
but also its effects during the depression of the C.V.S. with high dosses of beta blocators (presolol) expecting a good
hemodinamic response. The experiment has been performed on two groups of 6 dogs. The first group of animal was treated
with i.v. bolus injections of glucagon and other group with presolol (15 mg/kg b.w.) i.v., and after that with i.v. bolus
injection of glucagon. Hemodinamic variables (mean arterial pressure, central venal pressure and hearth frequency) were
registred at the 1-st, 2-nd, 3-rd, 10-th, 20-th, 30-th and 40-th minute. The hearth frequency was registred by continous
monitoring, mean arterial pressure was registred with cateter in the arterial femoralis, while the central venal pressure was
registred over central venal cateter in v. femoralis. After the i.v. bolus injection glukagon shows higly positive effects,
followed by short-term increase of the mean arterial pressure, while the c.v.p. considerably falls. During the administration
of presolol the hearth frequency and mean arterial pressure fall considerably and progressively, while the c.v.p. rises
considerably. Glucagon, in conditions of c.v.s. depresion by high doses of presolol (15 mg /kg b.w.) considerably increases
hearth frequency and mean arterial pressure, while the c.v.p. falls considerably.

Fulminant form of acute viral hepatitis E in adult patiens, except pregnants women, is very rare. The authors describe a 50 year-old man with diagnosis of viral hepatitis E on basis of antibodies found in IgM class to hepatitis E virus using ELISAtechnique. The disease had a fulminant course wich ended in death.

Beside great improvement in diagnostical ant therapeutic aproach in curement of brain tumors, gliomas still have
bad prognosis. Better results could be obtained only in early tumor discavery. Alpha pheto protein (AFP) and carcinoembrionic antigen (CEA) are markers specific for certain carcinomas (hepatocelular, nonseminated testicular, colorectal). Thieir specifity for gliomas still has not been stated. The aim of tis study was to determine tissue or sera levels of AFP, and CEAin experimentaly induced gliomas, and teir poential use in human gliomas diagnosis. For analyses , tissue supernatant homogenate C6 of rat glioma and sera were used during different phases of development (days 0,7,14,21 and 31). Tumor markers were also determened as well as in tissue of human brain tumors (two anaplastic astrocitomas an one glioblastoma). Techique applied was immunoenzyme type Mein method. Obtained results showed no signs of AFPeither in sera, or in rat brain tissue or human glioma tissue. CEA however, showed statisticlly, important specifity, for glioma tissue. During tumorgenesis tissue concentracion of CEA showed statisticly higher levels in comparasion with controls , starting from day 7, reachin peak of tumorgenesis on day 21, (p < 0.001). CEAwas not detectable in control animal group sera, and also during the period of tumor development. CEA concentracion obtained from animal brain were similar to those in human
brain tissue tumors. Further investigation need to be caried out, in order to determine the potential role of this marker in
diagnosis and treatment establishment course.

With this work we intended to examine antipyretical effect of different extracts from the leaf. The following extracts were examined: etherical chloroformic The experiments were conducted on white laboratory mice, type BALB/C. Mice were divided in 5 groups, where each group received the appropriate extract. Rectal temperature was measured by "Termistorowy" termometer. After the temperatures were measured, for each of examined group we defined area under the curve. The area values were later used to determine statistically significant differences between them. Examination results of antipyretic effects of different extracts ( ) from the leaf, i parsley (Et O), (CHCl ), ethyl-acetic (EtOAC), n-bhutanolic (nBuOH), aquae- 2 3 ous (H O). 2 etherical (Et O), chloroformic (CHCl ), ethyl-acetic (EtOAC), n-bhutanolic (nBuOH), aquaeous (H O) parsley 2 3 2 n experiment with mice, show that all the extracts mentioned above, decreased (annuled) pyrogenic effect of 12% yeast suspension. 

A 23-year-old primigravida in 7 weeks of pregnancy with tubal pregnancy. Clinical and ultrasound examinations indicated ectopic pregnancy; emergency laparatomy was performed. Intraoperatively, the tuabal pregnancy with a ruptured hole was revealed. Typical salpingectomy was carried out. Hystology confirmed tubal pregnancy. The postope-rative cours was normal.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) are the most common neurological
diseases in newborn period. Very often they are caused by perinatal asphyxia and they may lead to permanent disturbances in psychomotor development of infants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of neurological examination and other diagnostic methods in both diagnosis and prognosis of HIE and ICH in high - risk newborn infants. We prospectively examined the group of 115 infants who were followed till the age of three years in order to evaluate their neurological development. Neurological status during newborn period and the first year of life were abnormal in 62% of infants, ultrasound examination of the brain results were abnormal in 60% of infants and electroencephalographic records were abnormal in 23% of infants. Magnetic resonance imaging were done in 25 infants, showing patological changes
predominantly localized in periventricular white mater, basal ganglia and talamus in 10 of them. At the age of three years, we
found that seven infants had moderately severe neurological deficits and nine infants had severe neurological deficits. We
concluded that neurological examination and ultrasound examination of the brain were of limited diagnostic and prognostic
value while electroencephalographic examination was of great significance in infants with neurological disturbances.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was very good method in evaluating pathological changes in the brain of studied
infants, and the spectrum of pathological changes correlated very well with the type of neurological deficits. Prognosis of
neurological development of infants with pathological changes predominantly localized in the region of periventricular
white mater were better than of infants with pathological changes in the region of basal ganglia and talamus who had very
bad prognosis.

The aim of our work was to inquire after frequency and characteristics of repeated myocardial infarction. We questioned prospectively 123 patients, diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction, who were hospitalized in the Coronary unit
of Krusevac Health centre, during the period of 01. 02.- 31. 07. 2001. Repeated myocardial infarction was found in 16,26%
of questioned patients. Non Q acute myocardial infarction was found in 35,00% on patients with repeated myocardial infarction and 8,74% on patients with the first myocardial infarction (p<0,01). In patients with repeated myocardial infarction
more often was found heart failure (55,00% vs 20,39%, p<0,01). Repeated myocardial infarction have difficulty clinical
flow, but have not statistical significantly higher early mortality

Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) is the most common adverse effect of blood transfusion. FNHTR is usually immune mediated due to the reaction of white cells antibodies in the recipient's plasma with the leukocytes contanied in the transfused blood components. In some patients, especially recipients transfused with platelets, cytokines are implicated in this reaction. The differential diagnosis may be difficult, especially when co-morbid disorders such as infection or malignancy, and certain treatments, may cause a similar spectrum of symptoms. In differential diagnosis, acute haemolytic transfusion reaction, bacterialy contaminated blood products and transfusion associated lung injury must be exlcuded. Repeated severe FNHTRs necessitate leucocyte depletion of blood components.

Until sixties of twenty centuries, it was little now abaot cancer. It was well-know than chemicals , radiation, onko viruses, can to provoke cancer.Untill seventies it was clear than cancer is not infection or inborn sicness.Than eighties discovering onko-gens (gens normal indebted for growth of cell who is mute. Understad is than cancer cell could be continue growth, and they must have onko gen ON and cancer supresor OFF. Discover so and fenomena of apoptosissuicide cell what something wrong begin.For the time of nineties thay are discover reasons of apoptosis. The main one is TP53 gen on short part of hromosoma 17, with 1179 letter. It's understand than cancer begining with muting gens what is reason of growth, continuing with muting gens what suprim growing and finish with fold of last defence muting gen TP53.In therapy of cancer is searcing for agenc who will stimulate apoptosis.Big step what genetics do on understanding cancer give us reall chance to beat cancer.

Nosocomial infectious (NI) are very big problem nowdays. The aim of this was to investigate the level of knowledge of medicial students of University Pristina about NI and to compare the knowledge level of preclinical with knowledge level of clinical students about NI. Cross-sectional study was conducte in May 2001. The instrument of survey was questionnaire with 28 questions wich were distributed to all third-year (preclinical) students and to all fifth-year (clinical) students and to all fifth-year (clinical) students at the Medical Faculty Pristina. The majority of third-year students (78,2%) and fifth-year students (91,1%) knew the definition of NI and their reservoirs (100.0%). The fifth-year students gave correct answers, statisticaly significant, more frequently (X} =4.62; df=1, p<0.05). The majority of students (89,1% of third-year and 96,4% of fifth-year students) knew that NI could be prevented, but only 14,5% of third-year and 25% of fifth-year students considered handwashing the basic measure for prevention, although there is no statisticaly significant difference between third-year students (X' =2.62; df=1, p>0.05). Around 98% students percepted the risk of NI for medical staff. Around 80% of students estimated that the aditional lectures about NI are needed during the studies. The fifth-year students more frequently showed higher level of knowledge about multidrug-resistant bacteria (X* =17.77; df=1, p<0.01).

Approximately 70% of third-year students gained knowledge about NI from sources other than lectures, but 75% of fifth-year students gained that knowledge from lectures in epydemiology. Additional information about NI, especially about univesal precution, is needen for medical students. Tt is very important to appropriately organise the studies with more practical work in prevention of NI. The emphasise should be put on health edecation in order to increase knowledge about NI, general hygienic measures encouraging handwashing and correct use proper dezinfectans in order to control the hospital environment.