One of aims of health surveys is comparison helth status of residents on different territories. Comparative analysis оf health surveys in five countries: (England, USA, Ireland, Canada and Hungary) and establish opportunities for comparison health status of residents in different country. Will be doing comparative analysis of results from health surveys in five quoted country. First of all, will be doing comparison of methods and derived results. Specially, will be notice on determinants of health which are applied in surveys. Methodology which was used is, mainly, similar in all country. Its health state like a best describes residents of USA. There are most smokers among Hungarians (30,5%) and least of all among Americans (17%). There are most obeses among residents of England (23,1%) and least of all among Canadians (15%). Most Americans and Hungarians (85%) visited general practitioners in recent year. Questions about limited mobility, depression, mental health, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, blood pressure, fisical activity, mammography, prescribe medicine, estimation quality of health care service and satisfaction with health care service there isn't in most of surveys. We can conclude that the methodology, which was used in surveys, is mainly similar. There are, obviously, variances in wording questions, respecting in determinants of health wich are exploratives in questionnaires. In order to escape these variances, one of the solution would have been using standardized questionnaires, which will be using in future surveys in all country.

Craniomandibular dysfunction are serious problem in stomatological practise from the aspect of prevention therapy and checkup. The frequency of this defect as well as its sings and symptoms were registered within randomly selected sample of examinees consisting of 70 individuals. The examinees were submitted to Fricton-Schiffman clinical function analysis wich indicated the presence of sings and symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction. Within examined population 128 examinees had the sings and symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction. It was determined in demographic analysis that diseased examinees were between the ages of 17 and 35 as well as that this sickness was commoner to female individuals in the ratio of 4:1. The most frequent symptoms were the following: muscles pain sensitivity to palpation (888%) lateral deformation of the lower jaw while opening the mouth (778%) and sound signals in temporomandibular joint while moving the lower jaw (77%). The highest frequency of pain sensitivity was in: m. pterigoideus lateralis m. maseter and lower insertion of m. trapesius. The most frequent sound signal was the one registered during the lateral movements of the lower jaw

We have been analyzing a number of patients with cerebral-vascular insult in a period of 1998-2003 year, clinical picture in the time of the reception, the development of the illness, the result and the therapy access in the Neuropsychiatric Department of Health Center in Kosovska Mitrovica. It is concluded that the number of CVI is significantly higher after the NATO bombing, the development of the illness more difficult and a detailed analyses of the causes is in progress. In a period of 01. 01. 1998 until 31. 12. 2003. year, 1829 of patients have been on hospital treatment and 252 of them have been treated from CVI, in the Neuropsychiatric Department of Health in Kosovska Mitrovica. During clinical prospective, retrospective and static research in has been concluded that:in the above mentioned period the number of CVI patients have been increasing in regard to the total number of treated patients in Neuropsychiatric Department of Health Center in Kosovska Mitrovica. The percentage of CVI relapse is increasing(the highest percentage is in 1999). It has been established that besides the well known causes for the occurrence of CVI such as:hypertension, the heart disease, disorders of heart rhythm, endocrine disease(Diabetes mellitus) end also the well known factors of risk for causing of mentioned diseases(corpulence, raised value oh cholesterol in blood, smoking, insufficient physical activity, excessive consuming of alcohol etc). Relevant factor for the occurrence of CVI is the factor of stress, social and territorial isolation of the Serbian population immediate after NATO bombing on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija.

Aim of this study was to identify the most relevant epidemiological risk factors for acquiring tularemia. Method used in the study was cross section. During period 2000-2006 at the territory of Serbia (excluding Kosovo and Metohia region) 254 tularemia cases were identified. No lethal outcomes were noted. Tularemia was registered in 11 districts of Central Serbia, while no cases of the disease were noticed in region of Vojvodina. In Serbian enclaves in Kosovo and Metohia there were 4 cases of Tularemia. 4 epidemics with 21 diseased persons were reported at territory of Central Serbia. Majority of patients were 20-60 years old (86%). No significance difference in sex distribution was observed. Almost the same number of male (129) and female (125) patients was affected. This could be explained by identical exposure of both sexes to diseases causative agents. The disease has seasonal character. It occurs most often in late autumn and winter due to contact with diseased rabbits during hunting season, meat consummation, and inhalation of dust containing diseased animal excreta. During observation period linear trend of incidence rate have not shown statistically significant elevation neither decrease.

Fracture of orbital floor is relatively frequenthly injuries. Fractures can appear same in war or peacefull conditions. War injuries can be bursting, and in many cases is very hard, with fracture, dislocation and defect more of orbit walls. Peacefulls injuries orbital floor appear mostly in car exident, fight, fall on face, and also in sports activity. Regarding specific anatomic structure, sensitive position and content of orbital cavity, even today exists different opinion especially by question of mechanism of originate, same as question of injury treatment.

Many researchers and clinical doctors have realized that spirometric tests, as well as the resistance of airways, could be within the normal limits at people who have clear signs of bronchitis (coughing, expectoration and lighter disphnoe). Very often, especially among smokers, they have found discrepancy between the functional tests' results and clinical symptoms, although they could expect to find minor lungs' diseases within this group of people. Obstructive lesions in small airways are very often present at smokers older than 40 years, whose lungs are macroscopically normal, and who do not show clinical signs of the obstructive lung disease ('asymptomatic smokers'). The aim of the paper was to find which test, among the most often-used tests for the functional research of the respiratory system, represented the best indicator of the initial obstructive changes localized in small airways. The research study included 50 asymptomatic smokers (34 male and 16 female) ranging from 44 to 57 years. The results of the achieved FVC were at normal level, at all examinees. Out of 50 examinees, asymptomatic smokers, there was one examinee (2%) with the lower level of FEV , while at two examinees 1 (4%) lower levels of SRt and MEF were found. Significantly lower levels of the measured MEF were found among 50%FVC 25%FVC 16 asymptomatic smokers (32%). Such a functional result, i.e. a decrease of MEF while the levels of FVC, FEV , Rt, 25%FVC 1 SRt and MEF are normal, accompanied by a long-lasting smoking case-history with less expressed symptoms, points at 50%FVC the existence of the obstructive disorders localized in the periphery parts of the bronchial tree (small airways). The registration of the flow/volume curve and its analysis might be used as a test even more sensitive than spirometry and body pletizmografy; as a test it can be used for a diagnosis of initial obstructive difficulties in small airways, in other words, it could diagnose the small airways disease.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a major cardiovascular risk factor in hemodialysis patients.The present study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy by doppler echocardiography in hemodialysis patients. Methods: We studied 20 patients on maintenance hemodialysis in Dialysis Centre in Kosovska Mitrovioca. LV mass was measured by both Doppler echocardiography. Left ventricular mass was estimated by the modified formula using measure2 ments obtained in accordance with the Penn convention. Left ventricular mass was divided by body surface area in m to obtain the left ventricular mass index. Results:This clinical observation study involved 20 patients (9 males and 11 females) with end-stage renal diseases undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with a mean age of 55,26 years, mean time on dialysis was 38,74 months. Main causes for developing chronic renal failure was arterials hypertension and polycystic kidney. Arterial hypertension (60%), diabetes mellitus (20%) and hyperholesterolemia (10%), were the most frequent risk factors for cardiovascular disease among the dialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy were detected in 14 (70%) patients. Mean left ventricular mass wass 153,62g/m2 (males), and 142,71 g/m2 (females). To conclude, the present study shows that hemodialysis patients have higher left ventricular mass and higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy.

Epileptic status is one of the most urgent conditions in medicine, whose positive outcome is directly dependent of adequate treatment. The estimation of epileptic status incidence is not available. According to population studies, the incidence varies from 16 to 18 at a sample of 100000 people. The status treatment consists of a line of procedures whose goal is to stop it in as little time as possible. Medication therapy is the basis of it, and it is needed that intravenous medications are used urgently in an adequate dose, at an adequate speed (intravenous burden dose), with an adequate symptomatic therapy and correction of eventual provocation status factors. General medications used to initially treat the status are benzodiazepines, fenitoin and fenobarbiton. Randomized studies have shown that lorazepam has pharmacokinetic advantages over diazepam and that it doesn't initiate respiratory depression as often as midazolam. Also, it is more efficient than fenitoin, and more efficient than fenobarbiton. Medication treatment is confirmed to be efficient at breaking the status at nearly all of the patients, but the final outcome depends on the initial cause. If the status cannot be ended by application of conventional doses of basic medications, then a refractory status may be discussed. It may be treated by a prolonged anesthesia using barbiturates, midazolam or lorazepam.

Modulation of potassium channels is a recent modern approach to experimental and clinical investigation of potential better tocolytic medications. Assuming that potassium channels are by far the largest category of cellular ion channels, they are of crucial importance for the regulation of uterine smooth muscle tone. In the vast category of potassium channels, Maxi-K and BKCa (highly conductive, calcium-activated channels) are considered the main channels in the myometrium. It is believed that those have a key role in the modulation of uterine contractility and the homeostasis of myometrial calcium. The total number of Maxi-K channels is doubled during the onset of labor, compared to their number in pregnant and non-pregnant myometrium. We also keep getting more familiar with the characterization and control of myometrial potassium channels. Certain effects of pharmacological potassium channel modulators in isolated parts of both human and animal, both pregnant and non-pregnant myometrium will be presented in this article. Even though there have been a lot of studies on this subject, not many of them mentioned the role and modulation of potassium channels during human labor. We are still looking for the substances that will perform best in the treatment of possible miscarriages and early labor; although the use of beta sympathomimetics and calcium channel antagonists has been a major breakthrough in treatment of these pregnancy disorders. Using new tocolytic medications and a selective approach to cases of early labor, along with the use of other adequate measures, could improve the treatment of early labor in the future.

Endometrial carcinoma is still one of the most common malignant tumor of the female genital system in the most industrialized countries. Endometrial cancer is due to 3,9% of all female malignant tumors. The occurence of endometrial cancer varies with age. In 75% of all cases endometral carcinoma tipically occurs in postmenopausal women, with the highest incidence between 50 and 59 year. The high frequence of endometrial carcinoma in younger age is also found in women with ovarian estrogen-secreting tumors. About 10% of all endometrial carcinomas also in association with a genetic predisposition, but the most cases of endometrial carcinomas are sporadic. The most important prognostic factors for endometral carcinomas are: clinical stage, age, histopathological type and grade, as wel as hormonal receptors. Younger nulliparous women with early detected well-diferentiated endometrial carcinoma are usually treated by high doses of progesterone. Older women with endometrial carcinoma are usually treated by hysterectomy. Administration of postoperative radiation and chemiotherapy depends on clinical stage.