Probiotics help to provde optimum balance in the intestines probiotics species competitive blocks toxics substances and growth of unwanted species in their struggle for space and food. Lactogyn is the first oral probiotics wich protects vaginal flora. The most researced probiotic is the Lactobacillus rhamnosssus. The goal of this study is to exam influence of probiotics to cytological smear test including: reliability for easier detection of atypical cells; false positive and false negative test; faster cytodiagnostic; incidence of invasive diagnostic procedures and incidence of intraepithelial and invasive changes of the lower genital tract. This study involved two groups of patient: the first one included 50 patients who has been taken specific probiotic therapy after taking cytological cervical smear test. The second one included 50 patients who has taken specific probiotic therapy before taking cytological cervical smear test. In the second group we discovered: statistically lover number od invasive diagnostic and therapeutic methods and statistically higher number of patients without invasive methods. It was statistical higher incidence of cytological smears with inflammations and ASCUS (atypical squamous cells undetermined significance) in the second group of patients. Lactogyn treatment with other medicament therapy provides: faster and better cytological diagnostic, decreases the number of cytological tests and invasive diagnostics methods per women, decreases the number of false positive and false negative tests and the percent of unsatisfactory tests and borderline satisfactory tests

It is obvious that outcome of the cerebral ischemia depends on many of the metabolic reactions that accompany circulatory disturbance, and forcaming neurochemical changes on the cellular level. Cerebral ischemia accompany changes in the neurotransmitters from the group of the biogenic amines, that influence a great deal whole chain of reactions that lead 66 cell to ultimate death. This processes ease up an enables distribution of the cascade reaction in ischemia leisure. To this should be added the fact, that cerebral infarct is followed with selective disturbance on hematoencephal level for 64. monoamines. It is obvious that cerebral infarct involves changes in metabolism of the central neurotransmitters. This changes could have either short or long term consequences on the ischemic process outcome. Therefore our aim in this study was to investigate the influence of the biogenic amines, serotonin and epinephrine as possible markers in estimation of the neural damage, outcome of the ischemic cerebral stroke and clinical presentation throughout correlation in changes of their concentration in liquor. Investigation included 40 patients on hospital treatment on Neurology Clinic of the CHC Pristina. During the follow up study, we estimated changes in concentration levels of the serotonin and epinephrine in liquor throughout different time intervals, correlating to the neurology status, encountering neuroradiology methods CT and MRof the brain, as a criteria in diagnosing acute ischemic cerebral stroke.

In neurophysiology the concept of lateralization of brain hemisphere functions is related to the existence of differences in their functioning. The aim of the research was to determine for the right-handed females whether there is a connection between the degree of lateralization of brain hemispheres and the variables of cognitive potential P300 (latency and amplitude). In 30 study participated 70 girls, age 20-23 years. In the first group where 29 strong expressed right-hand girls, in the second group 30 moderately expressed right hand girls, and in the third group 11 right-hand learned girls. The reserch workers were using the "oddball" paradigm with two tones: "standard" (90dB 1000Hz) and "expected-target" (90dB 2000Hz) for the registration of the P300 potential. The tones were binauraly presented in irregular intervals and irregular order. P300 evoked potentials were registered above Fz and Cz area. Results showed the cognitive P300 wave latency to be significantly shorter when responding with dominant hand in first group. P300 wave latency in girls from second group was a shorter with engagement of the right hand. Cognitive P300 potentials above the FZ and Cz regions àt the first group have a significantly shorter latency compared to the average latency of potentials registered in girls from second group. Cognitive P300 amplitude waves are higher above central regions independently of the hand used.

Doxorubicin is the most frequently used anthracycline antibiotic that expresses significant toxicity. Among all side  effects, hematological are the most common, while cardiac side effects are the most serious and the most important. The aim of this study was to investigate whether doxorubicin containing combined chemotherapy used in treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), influences electrical activity of the myocardium and left ventricular function in affected children. Experimental group consisted of 20 children with newly diagnosed ALL treated according to protocol YU ALL 95, while the control group consisted of 20 healthy children. Electrocardiograms (ECG) at rest were taken and analyzed, and corrected QT intervals (QTc) calculated. All children had echocardiograms (ECHO) including fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF). Electrocardiograms, FS and EF were normal in all subjects, and were similar in both groups.

Skin cancer is the most common form of human cancer. The annual rates of all forms of skin cancer are increasing each year, representing a growing public health problem. The two most common form of skin cancer are basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma, well known as nonmelanoma skin cancer. Treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer depends on the type and location of the skin cancer as well as the age and general health of the patient. Surgical excision is the most common metod in the treatment of basal and squamous cell carcinoma. One of disadvantages of simple surgical excision is incomplete margin control. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the influence of the size of the tumor and intraoperative surgical margin on the rate of complete excisions of skin cancer. A total of 64 basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas were excised and analyzed. Data pertaining to patient age, sex, lesion size and margin of excision were collected prospectively. After excision, all tumors specimens were histopathology confirmed completeness/ incompleteness of tumor excision. Tumor size ranged from 5mm to 36mm. Surgical margins were used in the range of 5-12mm. Skvamocelularni carcinomas were incompletely removed in 4.2%, and basal cell carcinomas in 10% of cases within the histopathological groups. Basal cell carcinomas: surgical margin of 5 mm radically removed 83.3% (up to 1cm); 8mm margin- 86.7% (1-2cm): and 10mm 100% (over 3cm). Squamous cell carcinomas: 10mm surgical margin removed 100% tumors up to 3cm.

Introduction: Approximately 15-23% of the general population have had urticarial rush during their lives. Goal: Examination of the urticarial frequency and urticarial etiopathogenesis among hospitalized patients. Sources and methodology: Retrospective analysis of the data extracted from patients' medical history at the Clinical Center of Kragujevac, Department for Dermatology and Venereology. Statistical methods used include proportional relations with tabular and graphical representation of the results gathered. Results: Out of 228 hospitalized patients in 2007, total of 28 (or 12.28%) were treated for Urticaria. The disease is more frequent among the following groups of patients: female population (total of 23, or 82.1%); people between 30 and 60 years of age (total of 15, or 53.6%); urban area population (total of 24, or 85.7%); patients with Dg. Urticaria acuta diagnosis (total of 19, or 67.8%); Dg. Oedema Quincke (total of 6, or 21, 4%); et people with cardiovascular diseases (total of 9, or 32.2%). The disease is more frequent in Spring, during the period April-June (11 patients, or 39.3%) with the greatest frequency in May (7 patients, or 25%). According to etiological samples the most prominent types of Urticaria among patients were: idiopathic (13 patients, or 46.4%), due to medications (5 patients, or 17.9%), nutritional origin (4 patients, or 14.3%), psychological factors (3 patients, or 10.7%). Considering complications, 6 patients (21.4%) had Quincke's Oedema, while 7 patients (25%) had allergic reactions to penicillin. Regarding outcome of the disease, total of 23 patients (82.1%) have been successfully cured. Discussion et Conclusion: The greatest number of serious urticarias with complications has been inducted by non-physical factors, mostly of immunological nature, while physically inducted urticaria have had less severe symptoms and required shorter time to cure. Nevertheless, exact causes for most types of urticaria are unknown, so continual research of causes, as well as courses, complications and treatments of this serious disease is necessary.

We have been analyzing a number of patients with cerebral-vascular insult in a period of 1998-2003 year, clinical picture in the time of the reception, the development of the illness, the result and the therapy access in the Neuropsychiatric Department of Health Center in Kosovska Mitrovica. It is concluded that the number of CVI is significantly higher after the NATO bombing, the development of the illness more difficult and a detailed analyses of the causes is in progress. In a period of 01. 01. 1998 until 31. 12. 2003. year, 1829 of patients have been on hospital treatment and 252 of them have been treated from CVI, in the Neuropsychiatric Department of Health in Kosovska Mitrovica. During clinical prospective, retrospective and static research in has been concluded that:in the above mentioned period the number of CVI patients have been increasing in regard to the total number of treated patients in Neuropsychiatric Department of Health Center in Kosovska Mitrovica. The percentage of CVI relapse is increasing(the highest percentage is in 1999). It has been established that besides the well known causes for the occurrence of CVI such as:hypertension, the heart disease, disorders of heart rhythm, endocrine disease(Diabetes mellitus) end also the well known factors of risk for causing of mentioned diseases(corpulence, raised value oh cholesterol in blood, smoking, insufficient physical activity, excessive consuming of alcohol etc). Relevant factor for the occurrence of CVI is the factor of stress, social and territorial isolation of the Serbian population immediate after NATO bombing on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija.

Aim of this study was to identify the most relevant epidemiological risk factors for acquiring tularemia. Method used in the study was cross section. During period 2000-2006 at the territory of Serbia (excluding Kosovo and Metohia region) 254 tularemia cases were identified. No lethal outcomes were noted. Tularemia was registered in 11 districts of Central Serbia, while no cases of the disease were noticed in region of Vojvodina. In Serbian enclaves in Kosovo and Metohia there were 4 cases of Tularemia. 4 epidemics with 21 diseased persons were reported at territory of Central Serbia. Majority of patients were 20-60 years old (86%). No significance difference in sex distribution was observed. Almost the same number of male (129) and female (125) patients was affected. This could be explained by identical exposure of both sexes to diseases causative agents. The disease has seasonal character. It occurs most often in late autumn and winter due to contact with diseased rabbits during hunting season, meat consummation, and inhalation of dust containing diseased animal excreta. During observation period linear trend of incidence rate have not shown statistically significant elevation neither decrease.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a major cardiovascular risk factor in hemodialysis patients.The present study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy by doppler echocardiography in hemodialysis patients. Methods: We studied 20 patients on maintenance hemodialysis in Dialysis Centre in Kosovska Mitrovioca. LV mass was measured by both Doppler echocardiography. Left ventricular mass was estimated by the modified formula using measure2 ments obtained in accordance with the Penn convention. Left ventricular mass was divided by body surface area in m to obtain the left ventricular mass index. Results:This clinical observation study involved 20 patients (9 males and 11 females) with end-stage renal diseases undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with a mean age of 55,26 years, mean time on dialysis was 38,74 months. Main causes for developing chronic renal failure was arterials hypertension and polycystic kidney. Arterial hypertension (60%), diabetes mellitus (20%) and hyperholesterolemia (10%), were the most frequent risk factors for cardiovascular disease among the dialysis patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy were detected in 14 (70%) patients. Mean left ventricular mass wass 153,62g/m2 (males), and 142,71 g/m2 (females). To conclude, the present study shows that hemodialysis patients have higher left ventricular mass and higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy.

Endometrial carcinoma is still one of the most common malignant tumor of the female genital system in the most industrialized countries. Endometrial cancer is due to 3,9% of all female malignant tumors. The occurence of endometrial cancer varies with age. In 75% of all cases endometral carcinoma tipically occurs in postmenopausal women, with the highest incidence between 50 and 59 year. The high frequence of endometrial carcinoma in younger age is also found in women with ovarian estrogen-secreting tumors. About 10% of all endometrial carcinomas also in association with a genetic predisposition, but the most cases of endometrial carcinomas are sporadic. The most important prognostic factors for endometral carcinomas are: clinical stage, age, histopathological type and grade, as wel as hormonal receptors. Younger nulliparous women with early detected well-diferentiated endometrial carcinoma are usually treated by high doses of progesterone. Older women with endometrial carcinoma are usually treated by hysterectomy. Administration of postoperative radiation and chemiotherapy depends on clinical stage.