Patients with epilepsy more often than healthy individual have cognitive disorders, what may be the result of different factors, among which significant place occupy the treatment with antiepileptic drugs. Topiramate is the new antiepileptic drug, which is related with high efficiency in the reduction seazures, and also whit high prevalention of cognitive adverse events. Purpose of our study is to clarify the role of depression in developing cognitive adverse events during therapy with topiramate in patients with refractory epilepsy. In the prospective stady we followed 40 adult patients with refractory epilepsy, which treatement took place on the Institute of neurology Clinical center of Serbia. All patients are neuropsychological tested twice. First time before the start of therapy with topiramate on basic antiepileptic therapy, and next time two months after the achieving of stable dose of 200mg/day. We used neuropsychological tests for evaluation attention, concentration, visual and verbal memory, speech, executive functions, divergent opinion and visual construction abilities. For estimate degree of depression we used Hamilton's scale of depression. Patients with the depressive manifestation had lower scores on cognitive tests in comparition to patients without the depression, before and after introductions topiramate. More the score of depression was larger, the scores of neuropsychological tests have been worse. Depression has bad influence on the cognitive functioning and her presence in the patients with epilepsy increases the risk from development of cognitive adverse events of topiramate.

The objectiv of this study were to evaluate the applicability of the methods of Tanaka and Johnston predictions to our population.60 dental study casts(30 male and 30 female patients)were used.The measured sum of the width of the permanent canine and premolars were compare with values obtained from Tanaka-Johnston formula.The method of Tanaka-Johnston were tended to exaggerate the actual sum of the lower permanent canine and premolars for male and female samples,with statistically significant differences.

Serious metabolic diseases and infections, such as sepsis, may lead to the occurrence of stress ulcers. Unfortunately, in our hospitals, the stress ulcer is often diagnosed as a separate disease, not as the manifestation of the existing stress status of the patient. Therefore, the goal of this pilot study was to establish the incidence of stress ulcers in sepsis patients treated at the Infective Disease Clinic. Patients treated at the Military Medical Academy Infective Disease Clinic during 4 month period, who experienced acute bleeding, verified gastroscopically, were subjected to retrospective analysis. Five out of 344 hospitalized patients had serious hemorrhages. Out of a total of 21 patients diagnosed with bacterial sepsis, acute gastric bleeding was verified gastroscopically in three, or 14.28 percent. To obtain more data, prospective long-term study, wich would include greater number of septic patients, should be conducted.

The existence of left ventricular hypertrophy is an independent prognostic factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Heterogenous factors lead to left myocardial hypertrophy. The most frequently factors are: arterial hypertension, valvular heart disease (aortic stenosis and insufficiency, mitral insufficiency), hypertrophic myocardiopathy, left myocardial hypertrophy after myocardial infarction... For making the diagnosis of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy used electrocardiography („voltage“ and „repolarization“ criteria) and echocardiography. Echocardiography is the gold standard for diagnosis of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy. Left ventricular mass was estimated by the modified formula 3 3 using measurements obtained in accordance with the Penn convention: MLK = 1,04 (LDDd+PWDd+IVSDd) - (LVDd) - 13,6 Where LDDd is diastolic left ventricular internal dimension, IVSDd is diastolic ventricular septal thickness and PWDd 2 is diastolic posterior left ventricular wall thickness in diastole. LV mass indexed by body surface area (g/m ). By Penn con2 2 vention left ventricular hypertrophy criteria were ≥134 g/m for men and ≥110 g/m for women.

Total happening «en masse» is important to epidemiologist - and so it is «massive manifestation of natural system of the sickness» (PSB). Manifestation "en masse" of the natural system of parotitis N makes quantities of qualities N , N , B b N , N , N etc. a) «Causative connection» (UV) is the reason of sickness appearance. UV has its own causes of appearance, Z neB z and so the hierarchy of cause in the complex happening from subsystem. Nongenotopic or/and entropic causes of appearance of causative bonds (connections) as equilibrium connects and/or separates binary elements of causative bond  (connection). Pathogenic of contagium exists virtually in happening «en masse» in pre pathogenesis, prior to forming «immanent UV». b) Realising conjunction between the subsystems makes appearance of «immanent causative connection». That is a moment from which comes to obligatory demonstration of pathogenic as inner cause of contagium and consequent getting sick. The author concludes that «natural work» is the cause by which UV appears. Natural work is outer cause of massiveness. Just by appearance of "immanent UV" the showing of contagium pathogenic in the subsystem of sickness. The pathogenic of contagium can be proved by artificial experiment and that way the Henle-Koch postulates can be satisfied, It happens that way that input disturbance unable to be shown. Finally, anyway natural happening should pass judgement on authenticity of the theory on natural happening. 

Family planning is a civilizational value that should lead to a reduction of abortions, especially abortion as a method of family planning. Contraception or pregnancy prevention is the most purposeful way of birth control. It includes all the means and methods to a certain point, and certainly before the implantation of blastocyst, they stop the natural process of reproduction. The aim of our study is to analyze the application of some method of contraception among women who had and who had an early abortion in the sample and to analyze the application of some method of contraception in the study group of women and their correlation with the attendance of education in counseling contraceptive after intentional interruption of early pregnancy. A significant change in the use of contraceptive after pregnancy termination, and conducted training in family planning, is that the increased incidence of permanent contraceptive methods, compared to their occasional use.

The middle of last century it was established that the increased value registered fibrinogen in patients with coronary disease, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, patients with diabetes mellitus. Fibrinogen also participate in the earliest stages of atherosclerosis.Task of our research was to compare the level of fibrinogen in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications, and manifested in patients with apparent chronic complications as well as the correlation of fibrinogen with the parameters of metabolic control. Included 64 respondents, a close age divided into 4 groups: control group, people of type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications, people with microvascular complications, and people with macrovascular complications.The highest average value of fibrinogen in the blood we had in the group with diabetes mellitus without complications (3.47±0.26 g/l) and the lowest mean value in the control group (2.87±0.15 g/l). It is a test of correlation showed a strong correlation with the value of fibrinogen level of development of chronic complications.

Cervix cancer is the second most frequently found cancer in women, after breast cancer and represent one of the biggest problems of modern medicine. The aim of treatment is to determine the frequency of certain premalignant and malignant changes in cervix and the method of its operative treatment. By a retrospective method, 360 women have been operated due to the changes in cervix from 1999-2008 at Obstetrics &Gynecology Clinic of Clinical Center of Montenegro. Out of this number the total of 297 women with premalignant lesions of cervix was found and 63 women at an operable stage of cancer. With premalignant cervix changes the most frequent indication for operation was CIN III - 24.57% of patients. Cervix conization -80.13% is most frequently used as an operable intervention with premalignant changes in cervix. The groups of 40-49 years of age and 50-59 years of age are the ages of patients with most frequently conization done. The most frequent indication to operate malignant cervix was Ca I b. Wertheim-Meigs radical hysterectomy was performed with all patients with operable malignant changes. With an early identification, an adequate evaluation, the treatment, constant and cautious monitoring, almost any cervical intraepithelial neoplasia can be cured. Without the treatment, 30-50% of cervical dysplasia can advance into and invasive cervix cancer. 

Acute viral hepatitis A (HAV) is a benign self-limited disease, which does not become chronical and does not require obligatory hospitalization. It's an intestinal infectious disease with a dominantly fecal-oral way of transmission. Endemic epidemic appearance of this disease on the municipality of Prijedor, with a very high level of incidence, from the sixties of the 20-th century, has put the viral hepatitis among the priority problems of epidemiologic practice. During the period 1965-2007. in Prijedor there were 5707 registered cases of HAV contaminated people and three death cases. From 1990 it has been noticed an epidemiologic regression of HAV followed by its complete absence during the period 1997-2007. Studies of reasons of HAV regression have been conducted by a descriptive-epidemiologic method according to sex, age, ethnic affiliation, place of residence, seasonal appearance of disease, and the way of water supply. It has been determined that there is no statistically important differences among contaminated people according to sex, differences in other treated parameters correspond to the data from literature [1,2]. Seroconversion has been proved in 53 persons or 55,2% of tested people. Percentage of sero-positive people was 93,7% among people older than 60 years of age and 79,2% among the refugee population. Based on studies, the epidemiologic regression of HAV from the 90-ties of the 20th century, is explained by the fact that this disease appears in the interepidemic period, that there is a significant collective immunity of population with the HA virus, and the most important, the basic epidemiologic factors which contribute to the spreading of disease have been removed - the majority of population live in the urban and suburban areas where a hygienic water supply has been provided for. Also the customs and habits of population have been significantly changed. 

Organophosphates are famous insecticides which are often used as suicide venoms in Bitola's surrounding. When treating such patients you should gastric washing, keep the airways clear, give Atropin until fully atropinized, give symptomatic therapy. All patients need to be hospitalized. The treatment for this kind of patients is finalized with a psichyatric observation.