Strenuous exercises greatly increase oxygen consumption in the whole body, especially in skeletal muscles. Large part of oxygen consumption is reduced to H2O and ATP, but smaller part (2-5%) results in an increased leakage of electrons from the mitochondrial respiratory chain, forming various reactive oxygen species-ROS (02, H2O,iOH). These free ra- dicals are capable of triggering a chain of damaging biochemical and physiological reactions (oxidative stress, lipid peroxi- dation), as a base for skeletal muscles damage after exercise. MDA (malondialdehyde) is a marker of exercise induced lipid peroxidation process. L-ascorbic acid is a major aqueous-phase antioxidant. To estimate antioxidant role of ascorbic acid we use rate between dehydroascorbate and ascorbate. In this paper those markers of lipid peroxidation (MDA, MDA ind, % ind MDA), and ascorbic acid status (ascorbic acid Asc, ascorbat A, dehidroascorbat DHA, DHA/A) were determinated in 30 stu- dents, in rest and after treadmill running protocol (Bruce Treadmill Protocol). It was found that after the treadmill test, plas- ma MDA level had increased from 3,04 to 4,39 M/L (p<0,0001) and % ind MDA decreased significantly from 35% to 24,7% (p=0,0003). Plasma ascorbic acid was also found to be higher after the treadmill test comparing to rest level (from 55,4 to 67,6 μM/L). DHA/A level in rest was 1,62 and after treadmill test it increased to 2,05 (p=0,0014). These results suggests that strenuous exercise increased process of lipid peroxidation (MDA †, % ind MDA), but in the same time incre- ased ascorbic acid level in plasma and DHA/A rate indicates stronger activation of nonenzymatic antioxidant defense system.

Bone and joints tuberculosis is a secondary infection of locomotor system, caused by a Mycobacterium Tuberculo- sis. Low incidence of tuberculosis has been maintained for a long period of time due to use of efficient chemotherapy. Howe- ver, in recent years increasing number of newly registered cases is seen, due to wide use of immunosuppressive therapy, spread of HIV, aging population. Those factors influence mycobacterium more likely to become drug resistant. The objecti- ve of the study is to review epidemiological, clinical,radiology and laboratory findings of bone and joints tuberculosis in our patients, and treatment efficiency. In 15 years of prospective study, 107 different ages male and female adult patients, were treated. In most cases spinal tuberculosis was registered (24%), then hip tuberculosis (17%), knee tuberculosis (16%) and tu- berculosis of sacroiliac joint (7%). Non operative treatment with antitubercular drugs was performed in all patients, while in 41% we used operative treatment. Early diagnosis of bone and joints tuberculosis, while treated with non operative (anti tu- berculosis drugs) and operative methods are preconditions to achieve high percentages of long term remission.

Aging as continous biological process, affect all organic systems. Aging is believed to affect the structure and function of the enteric nervous system. Prymary aim these studies is to verify changes in number of neurons in myenteric nervous plexus of human stomach within relation to process of aging. In the course of research played is analysis number of neurons in myenteric nervous plexus of anterior wall stomach. Analysis was performed within 30 tissue samples which are classified into three age groups: (from 20 to 44 years, from 45 to 64 years and over 65 to 84 year old). Played is histological processing and stained with HE, Cresyl-violet, AgNO3 and AChE methods. The morphometric measures operated by morphometric multipurpose test system M42. Finding results are statistically processed by Student-t-test and analysis of variance. Discernible is very heavy loss of neurons of myenteric plexus within the oldest group in relation to younger groups. Applied test show are having statistically notable variance between age groups. In percentage, the loss of neurons in the oldest group in relation to others was from 13,81% to 15,44%.

Ocular contusion followed by hyphema is very common ophthalmologic problem. Aim: to determinate basic epidemiologic characteristics, comorbidity of other ocular findings, as well as complications associated with different grade of hyphema. Method: 55 patients with hyphema and ocular contusion were examinated. Results. Male had hyphema almost four times more often then women (80%:20&); workers (34.5%), afterward pensioners (20%) and pupils (18.2%) were the most often injured. The most frequent causes were the wood (43.6%), stone (10.9%) and vegetable foreign body (9.1%), The first grade of hyphema was demonstrated at 30 patients (54.5%), the second at 16 (29.1%), the third at 6 (10.9%) and the fourth at 3 (5.5%). The most frequent associated ocular findings regarding to segments were the following : haematoma palpebrarum, subconjunctival hemorrhage, erosio corneae and haemophthalmus. Secondary glaucoma was the most common ocular complication and it was finding at one patient with the first stage of hyphema but at all patients with the fourth grade of hyphema. Conclusion: grade of hyphema is directly proportional with a grade of ocular complications and frequency of associated ocular findings.

The importance of the examination of life quality of children having asthma is more and more emphasized in the world. Asthma is a disease which limits the persons having this disease in physical, social and mental activities. Information about life quality can only be obtained by the patients because only they have direct insight into their feelings and thoughts. Our research included 95 children having allergic asthma and 40 children having nonallergic asthma were examined. Questionnaire on life quality of children having asthma in the case of general activities PAQLQ(S), whose creator is prof. Elizabeth Juniper, was used for the examination of life quality. The results were shown by questionnaire scores (total and individual ones). Determination of the activities representing the biggest restraints in the life of examined patients gives the possibility for adequate carrying out of therapy as well as better education of the patients concerning self-control of disease.

Epidemiological characteristics of acute stroke certify the great importance of such disease, which takes the measures of a mass incontagious illness, because it represents one of leading causes of death and invalidity in the world. Contemporary knowledge about the complexity of cerebral infarct has been significantly increased thanks to new imaging methods, which allows correction of clinicaly stated diagnose. The aim of our research was to determine clinical manifestation signs of supratentorial infarcts and their presence compared to anatomic localisations of lesions. 60 patients were clinicaly tested, and a computerised tomografy of brain followed, which disclosed anatomic localisation of lesions. Results have shown that the maniestation of supratentorial infarct in the AMC zone has the most neurological signs, from conscious state disorders, graver pyramid deficit, speaking disorder to hemihypesthesia and hemianopsys. Lighter neurological deficit is found in infarcts which affect AAC and APC zones, which brings to a conclusion that knowing the clinical state and without applying neuroradiological methods can imply to localisation of supratentorial infarcts.

The two most common types of skin cancer are basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma, well known as nonmelanoma skin cancers. These cancers are the most common malignant tumors in white population and its incidence is increasing
dramatically. Information about the time of occurrence and cancer growth rate is a significant segment in establishing the primary skin cancer diagnosis. The aim of this prospective study is to determine the correlation between the size of basocellular and squamous cell carcinoma, represented through the function of cancer diameter and time period elapsed from their occurrence up to the surgical intervention. Apart from general anamnestic data, it was also insisted on as precise as possible datum referring to the cancer occurrence time. All cancers have been hystopathologically confirmed. Linear regressive analysis was used for establishing the interdependence between the diameters of tumors and their duration. The average growth of basocellular carcinoma in our patients was 4.3 mm on annual basis, i.e. 6.1 mm annually for squamous cell carcinoma. Tumor duration is a significant anamnestic datum for establishing diagnosis which can indicate a biological aggressiveness or skin cancer type. 

Diabetic retinopathy is the microangiopathy which procedures pre capillary arterioles, capillaries and post capillary venules. The length of disease and poor metabolic control, have the biggest impact on development and progression of DR. By the prospective study in Gracanica Health House, for the period time of six months, there were matched 50 patients with DM tip 2.Along of internal review, there were made ophthalmological review, and anthropometric and laboratory researches.

In clinical hyperkalemia, correlation between plasma K and the ECG is less reliable. A tall, peaked, symmetrical T wave with a narrow base, the so-called "tented" T wave is the earlinest ECG abnormality, usually best seen in leads II, III, V2, V3, and V4. The tented appearance and the narrow base are probably more characteristic of hyperkalemia than is the amplitude of the T wave. A decrease in amplitude of the R wave, appearance of a prominent S wave, widening of the QRS complex, depression of the ST segment evolve as plasma K approaches 8-9m Eq/liter. With hyperkaliemia, depression of intraventricular conduction is characteristically diffuse and results in prolongation of both the initial and terminal parts of the QRS complex. The resulting pattern may resemble RBBB, LBBB, left anterior or posterior divisional block, or a combination of the four.

There are different stick types and shapes, different root canal preparation techniques, as well as different materials for stick cementing and making annexes around posts. The use of fiber-reinforced resin posts to restore endodontically treated teeth has gained popularity due to its mechanical and esthetic characteristics as well as properties of modern adhesive systems. The aim of this article was to show a clinical technique to reconstruct endodontically treated teeth with great loss of tooth structure using direct fiber-reinforced post systems and direct composite restorations. After the preparation of the root canal and cementation of a FRR post, particular attention was paid to the incremental and curing techniques adopted to reconstruct coronal part of the tooth. It is possible to place of fiber-reinforced resin posts.