Ocular contusion followed by hyphema is very common ophthalmologic problem. Aim: to determinate basic epidemiologic characteristics, comorbidity of other ocular findings, as well as complications associated with different grade of hyphema. Method: 55 patients with hyphema and ocular contusion were examinated. Results. Male had hyphema almost four times more often then women (80%:20&); workers (34.5%), afterward pensioners (20%) and pupils (18.2%) were the most often injured. The most frequent causes were the wood (43.6%), stone (10.9%) and vegetable foreign body (9.1%), The first grade of hyphema was demonstrated at 30 patients (54.5%), the second at 16 (29.1%), the third at 6 (10.9%) and the fourth at 3 (5.5%). The most frequent associated ocular findings regarding to segments were the following : haematoma palpebrarum, subconjunctival hemorrhage, erosio corneae and haemophthalmus. Secondary glaucoma was the most common ocular complication and it was finding at one patient with the first stage of hyphema but at all patients with the fourth grade of hyphema. Conclusion: grade of hyphema is directly proportional with a grade of ocular complications and frequency of associated ocular findings.

Acute organophosphate (ÎÐ) poisoning is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children especially in the developing countries. Published studies work have been reported on acute childhood poisoning has focused mainly on the epidemiological trends, with little information about alteration in electrolitic and acid-base equilibrium and other disturbance and on the management of the poisoned children. Hypovolaemia, electrolyte derangements and acidosis are major predisposing factors for development of complications. Metabolic acidosis is one of the major causes of death in patients poisoned with OPC acutely. We suggest that children's with acute OPC poisoning should be screened for electrolyte and metabolic acidosis with blood gas analysis.

Cephalosporins are bactericidal antibiotics that are active against a wide variety of Gram(+) and Gram(-) aerobic bacteria, along with a few anaerobic species. Adverse effects of cephalosporins are uncommon and reversible. Cefalotin and cefaloridine exhibit a nephrotoxic effect and might cause renal tubule necrosis. No data about the nephrotoxicity of cefotaxime and ceftriaxone has been presented in literature so far. When cephalosporins are applied via intramuscular injection a local reaction is possible, whereas with IV administration thrombophlebitis develops in about 5% of all cases. Hypersensitivity reactions, as well as some hematological disorders (thrombocytosis, leukopenia, neutropenia) might also occur. Cephalosporins were found to sometimes cause an augmentation of transaminase (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and, less frequently, bilirubin levels, too. The goal of this study was to evaluate the creatinine values in the serum of patients hospitalised in Kosovska Mitrovica Health Centre. The values were determined before, within and after 7 days of cephalosporin administration (cefotaxime 2x1000mg IM; ceftriaxone 2x1000mg IV). Data concerning certain hematological and biochemical variables will be presented as well. Creatinine levels were measured by the Jaffe reaction method. Both cefotaxime and ceftriaxone yielded a statistically significant increase of the serum creatinine values. As these cephalosporins do not show a nephrotoxic effect, the increase can be explained by the interference of sodium picramate, a byproduct of the Jaffe reaction which is produced regardless of whether the process is manual or automated.

Many research projects that deal with the transformations of morphological characteristics have pointed out their extensive complexity, considering the fact that they are the result of genetic factors (endogenic influence) as well as factors pertaining to the environment (exogenic factors), where it is necessary to point out that the influence of genetic factors is not the same for all of the latent morphological dimensions. Òhe different positions of the biacromial and bicristal range in the latent and taxonomic structure of morphological characteristics that have contributed to the actualization of the problem of the relation between the first and second horizontal axis of the body, as well as their relations to the other components of morphological status. Taking that viewpoint, we defined the aim of this research to identify those morphological characteristics which are to the greatest extent related to the development of the horizontal axes. Using a sample of 130 athletes, handball players (N=70) and soccer players (N=60), aged 16 to 27, all of whom play in national leagues, and using a system of 21 anthropometric variables, we analyzed the relations between the first and second horizontal axis of the body, and their connection to the development of the remaining morphological characteristics. The first horizontal axis was defined as the biacromial range and the other as the bicristal range, while the remaining morphological characteristics were defined as the 19 standard measurements of longitudinal and transversal dimensionality, volume and body mass, and subcutaneous fatty tissue. When calculating the connection between the first and second horizontal axis and the remaining variables of the morphological system, we used the Pearson correlation coefficient. In addition, we calculated the dimorphism index for the biacromial and bicristal range as the point of the biserial correlation between the peripheral types of sport and every horizontal axis. It has been determined that in the case of handball players, it is possible to talk of biacromial and bicristal variants of an ectomesomorphic body type, while in the case of soccer players, of a biacromial variant of an ectomorphic type and a bicristal variant of an endomesomorphic body type. Both in the case of the biacromial and bicristal range, the dimorphism is pronounced among athletes who belong to different populations. 

Health of soft oral tissue and periodontium in biggest measure depends as well of oral hygiene. It exists the positive correlation between oral hygiena and periodontal condition. Many systemic disease, as blood disease, change reactivity of organism and also peridontium, and directly take influence at course and difficulty of periodontitis.

The importance of the examination of life quality of children having asthma is more and more emphasized in the world. Asthma is a disease which limits the persons having this disease in physical, social and mental activities. Information about life quality can only be obtained by the patients because only they have direct insight into their feelings and thoughts. Our research included 95 children having allergic asthma and 40 children having nonallergic asthma were examined. Questionnaire on life quality of children having asthma in the case of general activities PAQLQ(S), whose creator is prof. Elizabeth Juniper, was used for the examination of life quality. The results were shown by questionnaire scores (total and individual ones). Determination of the activities representing the biggest restraints in the life of examined patients gives the possibility for adequate carrying out of therapy as well as better education of the patients concerning self-control of disease.

Researches with micronutrients are getting more and more important in science and also in practice. In this view zinc, chromium, copper and selenium are having a special role in preventing micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications, as integral components of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and also as cofactor of enzymes and hormones involved in the metabolism of glucose and lipid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects different doses of zinc on glycemia and parameters of antioxidative defense: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant status (TAS), and correlation glycoregulation with antioxidant system of the alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. The study was conducted on fourteen New Zealand rabbits of both sexes, weighing 2 to 3.5 kg. Experimental diabetes was induced in rabbits by intravenous injection of alloxan (80 mg /kg BW). Three weeks after induced experimental diabetes, rabbits were treated orally appropriate doses of chelated zinc: I dose - 15 mg, after a washout period (10 t ), II dose - 25 mg, af- 1/2 ter a washout period, III dose - 50 mg. Blood samples were taken at specific time intervals: before alloxan induced diabetes, after alloxan induced diabetes, after application the first dose of 15 mg of zinc, after application of a second dose of 25 mg of zinc, after application of third dose of 50 mg of zinc. The zinc preparation did not cause a statistically significant reduction in serum glucose level when administered in single doses 15, 25 and 50 mg in experimentally induced diabetic rabbits. However, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly increased after single dose preparations of zinc at a dose 15 mg (p<0,05), 25 mg (p<0,001) and 50 mg (p<0,001) in relation to the activity recorded before the application of zinc. Also, after the application first, second, and than third dose of zinc in diabetic rabbits was recorded statistically significant increase of TAS in relation to the value recorded before the application of zinc (p<0,001). Glucose concentrations negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase activity. This indicates that oral application of zinc preparation can reduce the harmful effects of oxidative stress in diabetes.

In the last ten years significant progress has been made in understanding of role of neutrophil granulocytes and their enzyme myeloperoxidase in the evolution and complications of atherosclerosis. Myeloperoxidase plays the role in the development of vulnerable plaque associated with the development of acute coronary syndrome. There is much evidence that suggests the role of myeloperoxidase in the development of vulnerable plaque. We investigate the value of myeloperoxidase as marker of the presence of vulnerable plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Myeloperoxidase activity was significantly high in serum of the patients with the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome as reflection of the presence of vulnerable plaques. Increase in myeloperoxidase activity in serum of patients with the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome precedes to myocardial damage.

Doxorubicin is antitumor antibiotic extensively metabolized in the liver, and liver antioxidant capacity, including that provided by glutathione production. The aim of this study was to investigate whether doxorubicin containing chemotherapy changes metabolic liver function during treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Total protein concentration in serum, concentration of total, conjugated and non conjugated bilirubin, activity of aspartat aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (ãGT), lactate dehydrogenase and creatin kinase activity were measured before and after treatment with doxorubicin containing chemotherapy and in the control group. Caffeine was applied as metabolic marker via controlled consummation of Coca-Cola and 8-hour urine was collected immediately afterwards. In the collected samples, urinary thioethers and caffeine metabolites concentrations were measured. Chemotherapeutic regiment established for initial treatment of childhood ALL containing prednisone, vincristine, doxorubicin and L-asparaginase did not alter metabolic liver function. This regiment did not change liver enzyme activity. Applied chemotherapy also did not alter caffeine biotransformation, but it did increase urinary thioethers excretion. 

Diabetes mellitus with its own chronical complication is the cause of the large procent morbidity and mortality between population. World Health Organisation (WHO) has announced that so far involved 150 millions peoples, so the prevention chronical complication this illnesses priority. By this work, I want to rescript signification connection microangiopathy chronical complication with macroangiopathy chronical complication of diabetes mellitus. Handled 60 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Patients divide in IV groups forms on concentration HbA1c. Retinopathy most often microangiopathy chronical complication of diabetes, in the meaning of being united with other complication, most expressed are the connection some with microangiopathy complication: angiopathy (R=0.71; p<0.001), then nephropathy (R=0.60; p<0.001) and the end neuropathy (R=0.44; p<0.001).