Diagnosis of different pathohystological diseases of prostate in the most cases based on common benignant and malignant characteristics. The presence of periacinar cleftings (PC) is an additional criterion favouring prostatic adenocarcinoma. The aim of our work was to examine the presence of PC around glands in prostatic adenocarcinoma (PA), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and benign hyperplasia of prostate (BHP) and to determinate specificity and sensitiveness for their presence in PA. We analysed biopsy material of Institute of pathology, Medical faculty Priština and Department of pathology and forensic medicine Clinical center of Kragujevac from begining of 2007. till the end of 2008. According to the presence and extent of PC, analysed on high power field (400x), glands were classified as: group 1 - glands without PC or with PC affecting ≤50% of gland circumference; group 2 - glands with PC affecting >50% gland circumference in <50% examined glands and group 3 - glands with PC affecting >50% gland circumference in ≥50% examined glands. By the analyse of our material we found PC around glands in PA, PIN and BHP: the most glands in PA were group 2 (34 or 48,6%) and group 3 (31 or 44,3%), in PIN group 1 (12 or 60%) and group 2 (8 or 40%), in BHP glands at all 100% cases were group 1. We found sensitiveness 92,9% and specificity 73,3% for glands with PC at prostatic adenocarcinoma, which indicate that periacinar cleftings represent a reliable criterion in diagnosis prostatic adenocarcinoma. 

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus which represent significant healthcare problem in Montenegro as in many other regions of the earth. The incidence in Montenegro is 4.57/100.000. Communications with bile ducts is one of the most frequent complications of the hydatid disease. Wide communications can be followed with cholangitis and obstructive jaundice. We presented 51 years old patient with obstructive jaundice and hydatid cyst of the liver. Total pericystectomy is golden standard of the surgical treatment, which is, unfortunately possible only in 6-10% of the cases. The usage of the intraoperative ultrasound is standard procedure.

Combustion are hypothermic injuries that can occur due to the contact with electricity, chemicals, dry heat, hot liquid and gas, and radiation. In this work there is a 52 year old patient that was treated from combustion on her both feet and her lower legs. Previously, she was treated as an outpatient in a period of 30 days. For the first time in our department we used hydrofiber bandage with Aquacel Ag silver in treating combustion on patient's diabetic foot. These bandages are impregnated with silver that has antimicrobial effect on a huge variety of bacteria. It soaks in a big amount of liquid and bacteria and it helps in removing necrotic tissue from the wound making autolysis debridement. The patient was treated for 35 days on general surgery department. She was released from the hospital in good general condition and with neat local finding. 

Hydropneumothorax is a patological condition of pleura characterised by presence of both liquid and air, rarely of gas between two pleura laminae.According to the origin,it can be result of a disease or a trauma. A typical roentgenogram is obtained during radiography in a standing position and PA projection: horizontal level of liquid represented by homogeneous shadow merging with diaphragm shadow and avascular light without visible parenchyma above the liquid level. The authors present two cases of hydropneumothorax. The first case is about hydropneumothorax originated after several repeated tapping of pleural effusion of malignant etiology. In the second case, hydropneumothorax is a thorax injury complication. Hydropneumothorax rarely appears in practice, and diagnosis is fast and accurate just based on clinical picture and standard lung radiography.

Introduction: Upon teeth are lost, morphological and functional disorders are caused on stomatognathic system. Since a longer period of time, total dentures made on conventional way were the best choice for treating toothless patients. Because of specific configuration of the toothless lower jaw, patients with total dentures mostly suffer problems with lower jaw total denture. From the time when osseointegration was applied as a successful clinical concept, implants have been used as well as for retention and stabilization of the total dentures. Case report: 66 years old male patient underwent surgery where implant-prosthetics rehabilitation of lower jaw is attained with application of four Bredent mini implants, used for retention and rehabilitation of total acrylic denture. The overall process was completed in one session within approximately one and a half hours, with the regular post surgical care and immediate load of implants. Conclusion: Taking into consideration simplicity, safety and non invasive procedure of placing mini implants, as well as their effect on improving quality of life of toothless patients, and economic aspect, we can conclude that along with classical and small implants they present future and method of choice for the rehabilitation of toothless patients.

The combination of aspirin and ticlopidine has been proven to reduce the frequency of haemorrhagic and vascular complications after coronary artery stenting, but also can cause serious hematological side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and interactions aspirin and ticlopidine on hematological variables. Thirty two Wistar rats were divided in four groups and they received intraperitoneal one of the following treatments for 4 days: group I - control, group II aspirin (50 mg/kg BM), group III - ticlopidine (125 mg/kg/day) and group IV - aspirin+ticlopidine combination (50 mg/kg/day+125 mg/kg/day). Hematological variables were determined at once after taking the sample of blood. Relationship between measured variables was determined by calculating linear correlation coefficient (r). The hematocrit, haemoglobin and red blood cell were significantly decreased in group treated with aspirin+ticlopidine combination compared to control (p< 0,05). Neutrophil and platelet count weren't significantly different in treated groups, but were slightly decreased in groups treated with ticlopidine and aspirin+ticlopidine combination. Between hematocrit and platelet count in control group of rats was noticed negative and medium correlation (r=-0,41), in groups treated with ticlopidine and aspirin+ticlopidine combination positive and medium correlation (r=0,52; r=0,69). Based on obtained results it can be observed significant decreased hematocrit, haemoglobin and red blood cell in group treated with aspirin+ticlopidine combination. The negative correlation between hematocrit and platelet count in control group becomes positive after the treatment with ticlopidine alone and aspirin+ticlopidine combination.

Regulatory T cells represent unique CD4+CD25+ population of T lymphocytes, which are involved in many immunological events. These cells have very important role in maintaining peripheral tolerance, prevention of autoimmune diseases, in immunological respond to infection, particularly by intracellular microorganisms as well as in a process of tumorogenesiz. There are two populations of regulatory T cells: natural regulatory T cells - nTregs and adaptive, inducible regulatory - iTregs. They differ between each other in accordance to the place of creation, in accordance to the specificity of the T cell receptor, as well as the action mechanism. nTregs and the other T cells arise in thymus, which provides specific inductive environment for maturation and immunological education of progenitor cells to imunocompetent T cells. iTregs arise on periphery from the conventional CD4+ T cells after stimulation by antigen under the different conditions. There is number of subpopulations of iTregs and the most important are Tr1 and Th3 cells. Tr1 cells produce big amounts of interleukin 10 (IL-10), and they are called IL-10-secretory regulatory cells, whereas Th3 cells are necessary for maintenance of peripheral tolerance to mucous surfaces, through their dominant cytokine TGF-â (transforming growth factor-â) and they are most widely spread in the mucosa of the digestive tract. Previous researches have shown that regulatory T cells achieve their suppressor activity via inhibitory cytokines, cytolysis, and induction of metabolic disorders and modulation of maturation or function of dendritic cells.

Type 2 diabetes represents a progressive disease, primarily characterised by impairment of glycoregulation, despite the application of various therapy modalities. The main problem with type 2 diabetes, is progressive impairment of betacell functioning, and impairment of insulin resistance. There is an ongoing pursuit after adequate therapy modalities aiming at preservation of beta-cell function followed by loss of weight and assurance of good glycoregulation. For mentioned reasons, research has been done recently on the functioning of enteropancreatic axis in type 2 diabetes. It has been noted that oral intake of food or glucose leads to higher increase in secretion of insulin in comparison to the intake of the same quantity of glucose intravenously, resulting in assumption that hormone signals from endocrine cells of intestine released by the intake of food represent potent stimulators of insulin secretion. Such role is played by GLP-1 and GIP, GIT peptide hormons which stimulate secretion of insulin and release themselves into blood when stomach himus penetrates into duodenum, that is before glucose from himus is absorbed into internal body media. Persons with type 2 diabetes have got low level of secreted GLP-1 after meal. Chronic administration of GLP-1 agonists leads to reducing glycemia and HbA1c. The potential of GLP-1 agonists to decelerate progressive decay of beta-cells at diabetics is alluring, but insufficiently documented. DPP-IV inhibitors represent complementary approach for provoking incretin effects, by oral intake of pills.

Within published data, arthropathies in diabetics, alcoholics, trauma, tabes dorsalis, syringomyelia, and scleroderma are judiciously called neuropathic arthropathies (Vargazon). Main common characteristics of these arthropathies are the following: they involve one or more joints; there is edema, deformity, ulcerations, increased pigmentation and myositis ossificans (Reinhardt, Clouse, Thornhill, et al.). The most common findings in diabetes mellitus are neuroendocrine dystrophies of musculoskeletal system. Diabetic osteoarthropathy is common name that refers to rheumatic diseases that are frequently encountered in diabetics. These diseases include: Charcot joint, hyperostotic spondylosis (Forestier's disease), humeroscapular periarthropathy, Dupuytren's contracture, joint contracture with skin thickening in juvenile diabetes mellitus, etc.

Cominution of bone fragments and weakness of soft tissues dominate in cominuted fractures of ancle joint. This conditions representing big problem for proper osteofixation. Authors demonstrated external fixation tip Mitkoviæ for operative treatment of cominuted fractures of ancle in two patients. In both cases they achieved excellent functional outcome (by AOFAS score). This method distinguish easily aplication, stability of bone fragments, good biodynamic conditions. Those caracteristics provide optimal conditions for bone healing and authors recomended this method for treatment cominuted fratures of ancle.