Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease with periods of remission and exacerbation and consequential defect of the pulmonary function. It is estimated that around 3 million people die from it annually and predicted that until 2030 the number of deaths will be up to 6 million per year. According to the reports of the World Health Organization and Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) it is predicted that COPD in the next decade will be the third leading cause of death in the world.[ 1, 2 ] It is characterized by limited air flow in the breathing pathways which is not completely reversible to therapy. Since there are systemic inflammations at COPD, the mechanisms of the processes have consequences outside the lungs also. Comorbidities are frequent at patients with the Chronic obstructive lung disease and they affect the disease prognosis substantially. The most common comorbidities are cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, anemia, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression, pulmonary embolism.

Introduction: One of the basic tasks of the orthodontist is to establish a proper dental array, to provide a favorable mastication function and an adequate appearance of the maxillofacial complex.Aim: The aim of this paper was to determine whether the values obtained from Moyers' tablets within the 75% probability correspond to the values the width of the side segment measured on our population. Subjects and method: The study included 60 people with a constant dentition of age from 15 to 18 years (30 men and 30 women). Results: The total tooth width of the side segment in the upper and lower jaw obtained from Moyers's analysis is significantly higher than Our findings, regardless of gender, with an average of about 1mm. Conclusion: We have defined the new regression equations for calculating the size of the C-P2 segment for the upper and lower jaws especially for men and especially for females.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in development of ulcer lessions of the rats exposed to indomethacin induced stress. It has been suggested that endogenous opioids releassed during the stress may attenuate gastric ulcer lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of morpine on development of ulcer lessions, pathohistological alterations and antioxidative status in stomach of the rats exposed to indomethacin induced stress. Research was performed on adult, male Wistar rats weighting 200-230 g. Indomethacin stress was induced by intragastric administration of indomethacin at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. 6 hours before sacrificing. Morphine was applied intraperitoneally, in the doses of 10 mg/kg b.w. 15 minutes before indomethacin induced stress. The size of lesions in the form of petechiae and erosion, is expressed as the total surface of changes (mm2), i.e. ulcer index (UI). The pathohistological samples were analyzed by Leica DML S2 light microscope, and specific changes were photodocumented with Canon Power Shot S70 digital camera. In the homogenate of the stomach, the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) were measured, as well as the reduced glutathione content (GSH) and the lipid peroxidation intensity (Lpx). Morphine significantly reduced the ulcer index (UI) in animals exposed to indomethacin stress and the presence of large amounts of mucus in the stomach mucosal was established histopathologically. The use of morphine in the pretreatmant of indomethacin induced stress statistically significantly reduced the activity of all enzymes in the stomach compared to the control group, and this activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and glutathione reductase (GR ), xanthine oxidase (XOD),as well as the lipid peroxidation intensity (Lpx), while the reduced glutathione content remained unchanged. Gastroprotective morphine activity in animals exposed to indomethacin induced stress is most likely a consequence of the strengthening of cytoprotective mechanisms rather than antioxidant action.

Quality of sleep is one of the prerequisites of health and life and work performance. During the anonymous testing by applying Pittsburgh scale, it was analyzed quality of sleep of the students of the University of Novi Sad. A total of 576 people. Results show that the quality of sleep is the best with the students of the Faculty of Sport. Students of the Faculty of Medicine have the shortest sleep, but quality of sleep is rated good. The duration of sleep is the longest with the students of the Faculty of Philosophy, and the quality is lower than in the other study groups.

Introduction: Direct and indirect pulp capping is a therapeutic procedure to preserve the tooth's vitality. The aim was to scan electron and polarization microscopy: analyze changes in cellular and extracellular components of dental pulp after direct and indirect overlay with glass-ionomer cement (GIC), determine the appearance of the dentine surface after direct and indirect pulping overlap with GIC and forms a proposal for a clinical application of preparations if it provides good and effective dentingenesis. Methods: The experiment was performed on experimental animals (domestic swine). For this research, alkaline cement was used ALFAGAL* bejz. On the teeth of the experimental group, preparations of the V class were made from the vestibular side. Twenty-two teeth were made indirectly, and twenty –two teeth directly covered with pulp. After completion of the preparation, dentin is directly covered with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) Alfagal* bejz. Through the ALFAGAL material for definitively closing cavities (amalgam) is laid. On the teeth where the perforation of the pulp chamber was made, ALFAGAL bejz was loaded directly into the pulp chamber, and through this the cavity was definitely sealed with GIC FUJI IX (GC Japan). Suitably prepared teeth and pulp were observed by SEM and a polarization microscope. Results: By observing and analyzing the obtained results, on a polarization and scanning electron microscope compared to the control group, results were obtained which can have a significant clinical implication in the biological treatment of the pulp. Alfagalbejz is directly applied in the pulp chamber: the boundary between newly developed reparative dentine is detected in the normal dentine structure, amorphous dentine, reproduction of connective tissue cells without pro inflammatory reactions and initial dedifferentiation in odontoblast, young blood vessels and cells (fibrocytes, histiocytes and fibroblasts) are observed. Indirectly applied Alfagal* bejz indicates the presence of different maturation stages of dentin, dentinal canals are clearly visible with a normal dentin structure, zero amorphous dentine and immature dentine structure are observed as well. The presence of an amorphous calcite of the dentine structure indicates the initial creation of a solid tissue barrier, which is the goal of the experiment. Conclusion: The results obtained by experimental research suggest ALFAGAL bejz as a good material for the direct and indirect overlap of the pulp.

INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common infections in young children. Febrile conditions in young children, without specific clinical signs and symptoms are often the result of ITU. Usually later diagnosed and treated. The most common cause of ITU is Escherichia coli. The main problem in the treatment of ITU is increasing resistance to antibiotics. AIM: To point out all the frequent resistance to antibiotics and to compare the frequency of the experimental periods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in the period of 2010-2015. Urine samples for microbiological examination were taken before switching on antibiotics. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software. RESULTS: In our study found 183 patients with a diagnosis of ITU. Somewhat higher percentage were present, patients were female. The highest resistance to ampicillin was found in our results in the time period is 5 years, found a drop resistance Amoxicilin and Amoksiklav. DISCUSSION: Our results showed a strong similarity with the works on the same theme, which is Escherichia coli, the most common cause of ITU in young children. ITU are represented within the female population. CONCLUSION: It is important to continuously monitor the representation of urinary tract infections as well as their sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs, because of the increasing presence of the bacterial resistance to existing antibiotics.

Introduction: A self-assessment health condition provides a general approach to creating a picture of the health status of the population. Aim: The aim of the paper is to show the connection between different categories of self-assessed health with socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors and with the presence of one or more chronic non-communicable disease of adults in Serbian communities in Kosovo and Metohia. Method: The research was carried out as a cross section study. As an instrument for data collection, the questionnaire was applied in the 2013 Survey of the Health of the Population of Serbia (excluding Kosovo and Metohija), which is in line with the European Health Research Questionnaire. For the purposes of our research, the following variables were used; gender, age, education, working status, marital status, the presence of chronic non-communicable diseases, smoking, alcohol use and physical activity. Results: A total of 1067 respondents (51.3% of women) responded, with an average age of 42.2 (± 16.0) years. Most respondents in the survey found that they feel very good or good, a quarter of the middle (not bad or good), while their condition was poor or very poor assessed by just under 5% of respondents. Among the respondents who rated their health condition as poor or very poor, there were significantly more female respondents, middle age and 65 years of age. Also, people with primary and secondary education, economically inactive, and who are inclined to the sedentary way of life, have a poor picture of their health. The frequency of people who assess their health status as bad or very bad is the highest among respondents with two or more chronic diseases. Conclusion: Different categories of self-assessment health show a tendency to connect with different individual characteristics of adult respondents. Our results can help in creating a strategy of action and building preventive programs in a defined area.

Teledentistry is an applied discipline of telemedicine in dentistry. In recent years, this area has been in the focus of interest of researchers. Their studies predominantly deal with the reliability of the methods of teledentistry and their feasibility in various conditions and situations. The studies based on photography and communication of visual information via smart mobile phones have been especially popular. This paper represents a review of the studies about teledentistry published in the last several of years, discuss them and puts forward the recommendations for future research.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common respiratory sleep disorder and present the occurrence of a minimum of five interruptions in breathing and/or the decrease in ventilation for more than 50%, minimum duration of 10 seconds, during one hour of sleeping (apnea/hypopnea index -AHI) with the existence of daytime and nighttime difficulties.The diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing is made by polysomnography testing in specialized centers. Depending on the type and severity of the disorder different therapeutic modalities are available:hygienic-dietary regimen and lifestyle, use of oral appliances (OA), noninvasive ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)through a mask during sleep time and surgical approach to upper airways. CPAP is a gold standard in sleep apnea syndrome treatment, especially in severe forms of OSA.A therapy of choice for mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea and at the same time an alternative treatment for CPAP intolerance are oral appliances.A mandibular advancement device and a tongue-retaining device are in use. Simplicity, portability, lack of noise, independence from a power source, and potentially lower cost, bring potential advantages over CPAP.By increasing the volume of upper airways, the number of obstructive breathing events is being significantly reduced, and arterial oxygen saturation is being improved. A close cooperation and surveillance by medical doctor and dentist is required, from the correct choice and drafting of oral appliance, through initial patient's accommodation to treatment, to long-term follow-up of therapeutic effect in sleep medicine laboratories.