Introduction: Elastic fibers are constituents of the dermal extracellular matrix, determining the histoarchitecture of the
dermal connective tissue. Organization and density of elastic fibers change as skin ages. The aim of this paper was to determine the similarities and differences between the photo-aging and the physiological aging of skin by examining organization and quantifying the elastic fibers in the dermis during aging. The material included samples of photoexposed and photoprotected skin, obtained from 90 cadavers aged 0-82 years. The samples were classified into five age groups: newborns, young age, middle age, mature age and the oldest age. Skin samples were stained using the Halmi modification of Aldehyd fucshin staining method, as well as Alcian blue staining (the Spicer method). Volume density (VD) of the elastic fibers was measured using Image J program.

Results: In the skin of newborns and young age group (neck and abdomen) elastic fibers appeared to form a network structure. In the photoexposed skin of the mature age and the oldest group, elastic fibers showed tendency to fragment, while the elastic material exhibited tendency to accumulate. VD of elastic network in the skin of the neck in the middle, mature and the oldest age group was greater than VD of abdominal skin of the respective age groups (3.66±0.28%, 5.61±0.22%, 6.24±0.21% respectively). Age-related statistically significant increase in VD of the elastic network in the skin of the neck, as well as a statistically significant reduction of elastic network VD in the abdominal skin, has been observed (middle age - oldest).

Conclusion: Correlation of the organization and quantity of elastic fibers with age exhibits different pattern in photoexposed compared to photoprotected skin. A quantitative evaluation of the volume density of elastic fibers correlates with clinically visible signs of photo-aging, primarily with solar elastosis.

Hypoglycemia is defined asplasma glucose level sufficiently low to result in neurological damage. In the new-born age, the incidence of hypoglycemia ranges from 0.4-11.4%. Etiologically, low levels of plasma glucose can result from the hormonal or metabolic disorders; high doses of insulin, drug poisoning, liver disease or systemic disorders. The most common cause of severe and permanent hypoglycemia in the neonatal age group is congenital hyperinsulinism - the result of pancreatic cells hyperplasia and/or adenoma. Between two and five years of age, the most common form of hypoglycemic state is ketotic hypoglycemia of childhood, caused by limited amount of substrate. Diagnostic criteria include biochemical confirmation of low of glucose and/or high insulin levels, blood hormone testing (epinephrine, cortisol, growth hormone, glucagon levels), as well as metabolic screeningfor gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and lipolysis disorders and disarrangements of fatty acid oxidation. Therapy is directed towards the substrate supplementation and the application of medications and fuels aiming atrapid attainment of normoglycemia (fruit juices, parenterally applied glucose and dextrose, glucagone, corticosteroid therapy); diazoxide and somatostatin therapy is indicated for patients with hyperinsulinemia.

Correlation of fillings on the tooth and changes in the tissues having direct contact with the tooth aroused keen interest amongst many professionals. Irregularly shaped fillings can damage the periodontal tissues. The primary indicator of the validity of the dental work is its ability to ensure the preservation of normal physiological status of the tissue, primarily gingival, alveolus and periodontum. The main purpose of this paper is to make histological assessments of the tissue of the interdental region before and after correction of irregular filling in experimental animals. The research was conseived as a histiological study with experimental animals ( rabbits). The tested teeth were divided into two groups: a) the experimental group consisted of teeth with irregular fills, and b)the control group consisted of teeth with regular fillings and healthy teeth. The experiment carried out under general anesthesia. The experiment was being monitored over 12-month period. Having been expired the first part of the experiment , after 6-month period, in experimental animals, it was carried out the second part of the one consisting of the correction of irregular fillings. The second part of thhe experiment was closely monitored a month, three and six months after the correction of irregular filings. After sacrificing the animals, tissue was prepared for histological analysis. Histological analysis showed changes in the periodontal tissues prior to correction of irregular fillings and significant improvementof the tissue of the interdental region after correction of the same ones. The pathological changes occuring in the periodontal tissues are not irreversible since after correction of irregular filligs are being lost mainly.

Introduction: One of the basic tasks of the orthodontist is to establish a proper dental array, to provide a favorable mastication function and an adequate appearance of the maxillofacial complex.Aim: The aim of this paper was to determine whether the values obtained from Moyers' tablets within the 75% probability correspond to the values the width of the side segment measured on our population. Subjects and method: The study included 60 people with a constant dentition of age from 15 to 18 years (30 men and 30 women). Results: The total tooth width of the side segment in the upper and lower jaw obtained from Moyers's analysis is significantly higher than Our findings, regardless of gender, with an average of about 1mm. Conclusion: We have defined the new regression equations for calculating the size of the C-P2 segment for the upper and lower jaws especially for men and especially for females.

Introduction: patients undergoing hemodialysis has numerous ophthalmological complications. Aim: To explore if the dry eye disease incidence, in patients undergoing hemodialysis, exists and if its frequency is greater compared to the healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 126 patients undergoing hemodialysis as well as 23 healthy subjects underwent complete ophthalmological examinations. The dry eye disease tests were performed in the patients undergoing hemodialysis: Schirmer test, Tears Break Up Time (TBUT) test and “Red eye syndrome”. Results: Comparing findings of dry eye disease parameters in patients undergoing hemodialysis vs. healthy subjects findings were the following: Schirmer’s test results 52,78% vs. 36,36%, (χ2 = 4,02, p=0,0448, p<0,05) and “Red eye syndrome” 38,10% vs 19,05% ( χ2 = 5,69, p=0,0170, p<0,05), while the TBUT test has shown pathological results in 38.89% of undergoing hemodialysis patients. Conclusions: Dry eye disease is significantly more frequent in patients undergoing hemodialysis than in healthy subjects.

Introduction: Dental related oral mucosal lesions are most often complications of wearing removable dentures. Painful lesions treatment beside removing ethiologyical factor is symptomatic therapy. Recent investigations of ozone have reported that ozone can induce the wound healing. Case raport: A patient with three ulcerative lesions subsequently developed as a result of wearing implant retained overdenture were included in the study. Each lesion recived conventional care whereas tested lesion recived topical gaseous ozone therapy additionaly. Ozone was applied directly on the musocal lessions for three times in 1 week (baseline-1.day-3.day). The basic result were changes in greatest dimension of every lesion from first treatment and at days 1 and 3. Conclusion: The current case report showed positive effect of gaseous ozone on accelerating the process of healing and pain reduction but future clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.

There were 351 drug addicts examined post mortem from 2006 till 2015 at The Institute of Forensic Medicine in Belgrade. In most of the cases death was accidental, caused by the use of psychoactive substances totaling 219(62,4%), followed by suicidal deaths 35 (10,0%) and deaths from traumas caused in traffic accidents. The most common manner of suicide was death by hanging (48,6%), jump from a height (28,6%), suicide by firearm (17,8%). There were no recorded suicides by overdose. The age of post mortem drug addicts where the suicide was a cause of death, did not statistically differ from others, accidental deaths, caused by the use of psychoactive substances. However, drug addicts died from traumas in traffic accident were statistically significantly younger in comparison to previous two groups. The median blood morphine levels concentration value did not statistically differ significantly in all three examined groups. Quite often there was alcohol presence in blood of drug addicts who died in traffic accidents.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common respiratory sleep disorder and present the occurrence of a minimum of five interruptions in breathing and/or the decrease in ventilation for more than 50%, minimum duration of 10 seconds, during one hour of sleeping (apnea/hypopnea index -AHI) with the existence of daytime and nighttime difficulties.The diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing is made by polysomnography testing in specialized centers. Depending on the type and severity of the disorder different therapeutic modalities are available:hygienic-dietary regimen and lifestyle, use of oral appliances (OA), noninvasive ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)through a mask during sleep time and surgical approach to upper airways. CPAP is a gold standard in sleep apnea syndrome treatment, especially in severe forms of OSA.A therapy of choice for mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea and at the same time an alternative treatment for CPAP intolerance are oral appliances.A mandibular advancement device and a tongue-retaining device are in use. Simplicity, portability, lack of noise, independence from a power source, and potentially lower cost, bring potential advantages over CPAP.By increasing the volume of upper airways, the number of obstructive breathing events is being significantly reduced, and arterial oxygen saturation is being improved. A close cooperation and surveillance by medical doctor and dentist is required, from the correct choice and drafting of oral appliance, through initial patient's accommodation to treatment, to long-term follow-up of therapeutic effect in sleep medicine laboratories.