Introduction: In over of 99% cases of cervical cancer its appearing is preceded by persistent cervical epithelium infection caused by high-risk oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV). The aim of the study was to examine the distribution of high-risk oncogenic HPV types compared to patohistological diagnoses of cervical diseases in women. Materials and methods: The study included 56 women with suspected premalignant and malignant cervical lesions, due to suspected colposcopic and cytological findings (Papanicolaou test). The HPV typing by "in situ" hybridization method on high-risk HPV types 16, 18, 31 and 33 was performed in all patients from cervical smear as well as cervical biopsy. Histological findings of cervical biopsy was a "gold standard" in the analysis of materials. Results: Histologically detected premalignant or malignant changes of the cervix were found at 34 (60.7%) of all 56 examined women: 17 of them had LSIL, 13 of them had HSIL, while 4 had squamous cell carcinoma. A positive HPV test had a 47 (84%) of them with a prove of the presence of one or more types of HPV. The most common type of virus was HPV 16 and it was detected in 27 (48.2%) women, followed by HPV 31 that was detected in 26 (46.4%) women, HPV 18 in 18 (32.1%) of women and HPV 33 in 4 (7.1%) women. The infection caused by oncogenic type HPV16 was significantly more frequent in patients with HSIL and cervical cancer (p<0,001), while the infection caused by oncogenic type HPV 31 was significantly more frequent in patients with LSIL and cervicitis (p=0,003). The distribution of HPV 18 and HPV 33 types was not statistically significantly different in patients with different histological findings (HPV 18, p = 0.41; HPV 33, p = 1.0). Conclusion: Based on our results we can conclude that there is a good correlation of HPV infection with pre-malignant cervical lesions and cervical cancer. The incidence of HPV type 16 infection increased with severity of cervical lesions and it is usually detected high-risk oncogenic type virus in women with severe cervical lesions type like HSIL and cancer are. HPV 31 is the most common high-risk type of HPV of mild type lesions, like LSIL and cervicitis are. We believe that women infected by high-risk oncogenic HPV types, although without histologically diagnose of cervical lesion, should be more frequent controle by colposcopy and cytology (Papanicolaou) test, because of possible disease progression to a more advanced level.

Najčešći maligni tumori kože epidermoidnog porekla su bazocelularni (BCK) i skvamocelularni (SCK) karcinom. U 90 % slučajeva nastaju na fotoeksponiranim delovima tela i direktno su povezani sa oštećenjima kože nastalim dugotrajnim izlaganjem UV zracima, obično kod osoba starijeg životnog doba i svetle puti. Od njihovih posledica godišnje u svetu umre 65000 ljudi. Najvažnija karika u sprečavanju nastanka ovih tumora jeste prevencija, dok njihovo rano prepoznavanje omogućava adekvatniji hirurški tretman sa poštedom okolnog tkiva. Osnovni cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje histopatoloških i kliničko-morfoloških karakteristika BCK i SCK kože glave. Analizom je obuhvaćeno 439 karcinoma (297 (67,7%) BCK, 126 (28,7 %) SCK i 16 (3,6%) BCK+SCK), među kojima je preko 60% dijagnostikovano kod muškaraca, najčešće u sedmoj i osmoj deceniji života, sa najvećom učestalošću BCK na nosu, odnosno na koži gornje polovine kože lica i SCK na usnama, odnosno na koži donje polovine kože lica. Svi karcinomi kože glave bili su češći na desnoj strani. Klinički i morfološki, najveći broj BCK manifestovao se ulceroznim oblikom prosečne veličine 1,2cm i mešanim histološkim tipom, a SCK vegetantnim oblikom prosečne veličine 1,55cm i histološki gradusom I. Najveći broj BCK i SCK bio je odstranjen u celini, za razliku od kombinacije ova dva tumora u kojima je u većini slučajeva bila neophodna i naknadna hirurška intervencija.

Endometrial hyperplasia appears like a result of continues, not mortified stimulation of endometrial by estrogenically hormones. Endometrial becomes nub which histological mirrors in endometrial gland multiplication, in smaller amount even endometrial strom. Endometrial polyp represents focal overmuch growth of gland stromas endometrial and its considered a focal endometrial hyperplasia. Therefore we will examine them at the same time. Medical faculty of Prishtina - Kosovska Mitrovica did an analysis of biopsy and operational material in pathology institute in the period from 2005 to 2008 out of 3696 histological proved cases, its recorded that 210 cases have endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial polyp, which is 5,68%. According histological type the most often seen is endometrii hyperplasia simplex who is spotted in 127 cases (60,48% - D= 0,195; p<0,001), endometrii hyperplasia complex in 19 cases (9,09%), cases where endometrial hyper-plasia and endometrial polyps are united are spotted in 14 cases (6,67%), while endometrii polypus in 50 cases (23,81%). By analysis of all types of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial polyps we came to conclusion that all of these changes are mostly made at the age of 41-50 (60,48%) compared to other ages. (D=0,267; p<0,001). In between all patients the youngest was 22 years old (endometrii hyperplasia simplex) and the oldest 78 years old (endometrii polypus). On the basics of studied values, regression's analysis it's been confirmed that the numbers of cases with endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial polyps are growing for 8,6 every year, which points at bigger and bigger problem in the whole pathology.

Tumor budding refers to an isolated cell or a cluster of up to five undifferentiated tumor cells, located in the stroma close to the invasion frontline of a carcinoma. It has been observed that tumor budding invariably precedes both an invasion into the lymphatic vessels surrounding a tumor and the development of metastases in lymphatic nodes. The aim of this paper is to determine the link between tumour budding, lymphatic vessel invasion and presence o lymph node metastasis in colorectal carcinomas. The study involved 92 cases of colon and upper rectum cancers removed at the Trebinje General Hospital and the Medical Centre in Kosovska Mitrovica. High-grade tumour budding was diagnosed in 66 (71.7%) cases, and lowgrade tumour budding in 26 (20.3%) cases. Lymphatic invasion was detected in 63 (68.5%) cases (55 (87.3%) of these cancers showed high-grade tumour budding, while on the other hand 8 (12.7%) had low-grade tumour budding). Lymphonodal metastases were found in 45 (48.9%) cases (of which 36 (80.0%) were high-grade and 9 (20.0%) low-grade incidents). Based on the ÷2-test, it may be concluded that the distribution of tumour budding in relation to lymphatic invasion (p<0.001) is statistically very significant, which was not confirmed in the case of metastases developing in lymphatic nodes (p>0.05). In conclusion, tumour budding is highly linked to lymphatic invasion, which it most probably precedes. 

Vulva can easily be examined, therefore it could be expected that any changes that may emerge at it would be easy
to notice and treat quickly and efficiently. Despite that, the incidence of pre-malignant and malignant changes is increasing.
Many risk factors connected to the emerging of these changes have been discovered, but many explanations have become
available only when the theory of the participation of HPVin oncogenesis has been set. The goal of the study is to identify all
the pathological changes at vulva - benignant, pre-malignant and malignant, according to the age of the patients, and
therefore, both biopsy and operational material collected from 1331 patients treated at GAK “Narodni Front” Belgrade, has been used. There have been 46 diagnoses of benignant changes, of which 20 (43,48%) had been diagnosed as condylomata acuminata, a change including a HPV infection. Most of these changes have occurred at patients aged 31-40. In 17 cases of pre-malignant changes, VIN I has occurred in 2 cases (11,76%), and VIN II and VIN III as more serious pre-malignant lesions were noticed in 8 samples. In 7 cases (41,18%), VIN III was discovered to be moving into a starting invasion phase. It can be concluded that VIN is most often at patients aged over 60. Malignant vulva tumors occurred in 14 cases, 13 of those where diagnosed as invading planocellular carcinoma, and one of them was metastatic. Vulva carcinomas seem to occur most often at patients aged over 60.

Malignant tumors of the skin (MTS) are between the most common malignant tumors at human population. Because of their similarities, and more important, their dissimilarities, it is very important to determinate histophologycal type, grading and staging, because they are the most important factors of therapy choise and prognosis. The aim of our work was to examine those parameters, and also to define sex, age and locations distribution, as well as the value of surgical treatment. We analysed biopsy material of Institute of pathology, Medical faculty Priština from 2004-2007. year. We found that squamocellular carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and malignant melanoma (MM) were more common at older persons, about 2x more common at male, little bit younger at persons with BCC and MM than SCC. The most common location was skin face; at persons with SCC and BCC significant more common than on all other skin locations. SCC was more common below, and BCC was more common on skin face above imagine line from tragus to the same side lips corner. Average size was about 1,5 cm, and macroscopic they were ulcerous, verrucous and infitrative. Invasive SCC was diagnosed in 2/3 cases in the most early stadium. In opposite MM was diagnosed in late stadium in majority cases. Moderate inflammatory infiltrate was found in most cases of all MTS. MTS was adequate removed in the most part cases.

Apart from great frequency of epithelian, especially preinvasive changes, some very rear diseases common for other lower parts of genital tract (cervix and vulva), are vaginal epithelian changes and especially vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). That's the reason why we don't usually think about this disease, which can have very serious consequences, especially in late discovering of changes in the stadium of invasive malign disease.The aim of this work was to diagnose all pathological changes on vagina: benign, premalign and malign, according to the age of female patients. Biopsy and operative material taken from 1331 female patients treated in Ginecology and Obstetrics Clinic “Narodni front” in Belgrade, were used in this study. The most diagnosed benign changes was condylomata acuminate (42%). Out of 20 cases of premalign changes, VAIN I was diagnosed in 5 cases (25%) as a slight degree of premalign changes, while VAIN II and VAIN III were diagnosed in 5 cases as a severe degree of premalign lesions. Out of 11 cases, there were 3 cases (27.27%) of invasive planocellar vagina carcinoma with histological degree G1N1. 8 cases (72.72%) were with histological degree G2N2, while there were not a single case with histological degree G3N3. Planocellar vagina carcinoma is the most common in the age of 41-50.

Endometrial carcinoma is still one of the most common malignant tumor of the female genital system in the most industrialized countries. Endometrial cancer is due to 3,9% of all female malignant tumors. The occurence of endometrial cancer varies with age. In 75% of all cases endometral carcinoma tipically occurs in postmenopausal women, with the highest incidence between 50 and 59 year. The high frequence of endometrial carcinoma in younger age is also found in women with ovarian estrogen-secreting tumors. About 10% of all endometrial carcinomas also in association with a genetic predisposition, but the most cases of endometrial carcinomas are sporadic. The most important prognostic factors for endometral carcinomas are: clinical stage, age, histopathological type and grade, as wel as hormonal receptors. Younger nulliparous women with early detected well-diferentiated endometrial carcinoma are usually treated by high doses of progesterone. Older women with endometrial carcinoma are usually treated by hysterectomy. Administration of postoperative radiation and chemiotherapy depends on clinical stage.