The role of Eustachian tube dysfunction in chronic middle ear inflammation etiopathogenesis is obvious and almost always present. Shorter length of m. tensor velli palatini, the only active opener of the Eustachian tube, is related to tube dysfunction. The aim of the study is to investigate correlation between soft palate length, angle formed between soft and hard palate and chronic middle ear inflammation occurrence. Examinations have been performed on 60 adults. Group A consisted of patients suffering from chronic middle ear inflammation, whereas group B consisted of healthy individuals with respect to their gender and age. Examinations included medical check-up, auditory findings, radiological examinations and craniometrical X- ray measurements performed using lateral head X-ray. Soft palate length and angle formed between soft and hard palate angle were measured. It has been determined that soft palate length (distance from spine nasalis to the top of the uvula) is shorter in patients suffering from chronic middle ear inflammation ( average value for group A= 3,09, SD=0,422, whereas for group B =3,747, SD=0,448). Student test results indicate highly significant difference between examined groups ( value of variable t=6,025). Angle formed between hard and soft palate is higher in group A examinees (average value 138.4, SD=9.379, than in control group (average value 132,17, SD=8.765). Value of the variable t=2,658 indicate the significant differences in values between examined groups. Soft palate in patients suffering from chronic middle ear inflammation is positioned more horizontally and its length is shorter than in control group B. Depth and volume of the nasopharynx is lesser in group A patients. These soft palate dimensions impact soft palate muscular disbalance, mostly m. tensor velli palatini. In dysfunctional tube, medial lamina cartilage rotation is insufficient and muscular movement is minimal. Defining soft palate dimensions and nasopharyngeal morphology Eustachian tube dysfunction can be explained and chronic middle ear inflammation development predicted

Breast cancer remains one of the most common malignancies in women and is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated mortality. Despite the current emphasis on breast conservation, mastectomy rates remain at 30%. Mastectomy is often associated with significant psychological sequelae including distorted body image and sexual dysfunction. Breast restoration is assumed to allow a full emotional and physical recovery from a breast cancer crisis. Autogenous tissue gives the best results, and currently the best technique in most women is probably the free DIEPflap. there is theoretically minimal functional loss, minimal risk of hernia, less postoperative pain, and shorter hospitalization. However, there is a range of options, such as other flaps and use of implants, which can be tailored to specific situations

High frequency of appearance and use of expensive diagnostic and therapeutic methods makes lumbar radiculopathy the most expensive benign disease. The aim of the study was evaluation of types psychological reactions in surgically treated patients with chronic lumbar radiculopathy. Matherial and methods: We examined 50 surgically treated patients who had low back pain. The patients were multidisciplinary examined and treated on Medical Rehabilitation Clinic in Novi Sad. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personal Inventory (MMPI) was used to determine the personality profiles. Patients were tested after rehabilitation treatment. Results of the exploring showed the normal profile of personality in 70 % of patients and pathological profile in 30 % ( hypochondria in 8, hysteria in 5 patients and depression in 2 patients). All groups showed improvement in functional limitation during the rehabilitation treatment. Severity and length of pain after rehabilitation treatment is bigger in the group of patients with pathological profile of personality (p<0,005). Psychological factors may play an important role in the onset, severity, exacerbation, or maintenance of this type of chronic pain. Screening surgically treated patients with chronic lumbar radiculopathy with MMPI may be effective in identifying psychopathology

Visual acuity in the patients who suffered from end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) treatment is essential prerequisite of good life quality. PURPOSE: to evaluate the prevalence and causes of visual impairment at the patients on HD. METHOD: 71 patients on HD were assessed with this study. The main outcomes were best corrected visual acuity and primary cause of visual impairment. RESULTS: statistical significance obtained for the followed refraction errors: 42 % of patients had hyperopia (p<0.000; 95% CI 0.36-0.48) and 15% of them myopia (p=0.030; 95% CI 0.11-0.19) as well as low vision (amblyopia) at 6% (p=0.024; 95%CI 0.03-0.09). CONCLUSION: it's necessarily to provide regular monitoring of all patients on HD. Prevalence of refractive errors and visual impairment is more often among patients on HD then on general population

Old age can be defined as a variety of changes in structure and function which begin at the stage of reproductive maturity, and that changes are manifested as a lesser ability of adaptation and lesser way of defending from the influence of outside and inside factors. Neurons of sympathetic trunk, as well as the other neuron cells, are changeable during the life. Neurobiological, old age begins at the time of birth, because the number of neurons is not increasing, it's only getting lower, which means that neurons are post mitotic cells. The process of old age is increased with some degenerative changes at some diseases and its hard to know what belongs to, so called, physiologic way of getting old and what is pathologic. Concentration of lipofuscin in cells (pigment of old age), is the parameter for physiologic old age of a person. Concentration is changeable, and it depends from the tissue or the organ, concentration is controlled by the internal regulatory factors and the factors of environment as the way of nutrition, physical activity, stress and hygienic factors.

The aim of work was to find out whether multiparity led to increased morbidity and mortality of mothers multyparous. Special attention was paid to appearance of diseases among mothers, both those developed during pregnancy and immediately after delivery. Multiparity is especially characteristic of women of Albanian nationality. Thus it is obvious that there is a reverse proportion between multiparous women and level of education the higher level of education is the smaller is the number of previous deliveries. There is a significant difference in apsolute number of deliveries according to the place of living in favor of rural residence. Number of both EPH gestoses (Eclampsia, pre-eclampsia) and indications for Caesarian section is increasing with multiparity. Abruption of normaly inserted placenta is significantly more frequent among multiparous women. It is obvious that multiparous women more frequently have bleedings during third and forth delivery period. There were also a large number of hysterectomies during delivery (75). Death rate of women is significantly increasing with multiparity. Eclampsia is the cause of death among more than half of all women. Resuming all data the autor is pointing out that grand multiparity, giving birth to more than six children, is, mfom medical point of view, an increased risk both for a newborn and a pregnant woman. Perinatal motality and morbidity is increased and high risk during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium is simultaneously rising until the pregnant woman's life is seriously endangered

Diabetes mellitus with one`s chronical complications is the cause of the large percent morbidites and mortality, among the population. With regard to a lot of people who have diabetes mellitus tip 2 (WHO-over 170.000.000 peoples), adequate therapy is very important. By this stady, we wont to show positive consequence new therapy for medication diabetes mellitus typ 2, chiefly application tiazolidinedion in therapy. Handlend 25 patientis with diabetes mellitus typ 2 during 3-mounth observed. Patients were divide in II groups forms on basic of the kind therapy. At the end of 3-mounth, derived results (decrease HbA1c from 7.9%±1.24% to 6.99±0.89%; data value fasting glycemia from 8.99mmol/l±2.08 mmol/l to 7.45±1.35 mmol/l, and value glycemia after meal 10.36 mmol/l±2.18 mmol/l to 8.18 mmol/l±1.31 mmol/l) indicate validity the introduction tiazolidinedion in therapy diabetes mellitus type 2.

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that is largely attributable to infections with gram-negative bacteria and is characterised by both gingival inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. Beside macrophages, the second most common cells of the gingival inflammatory infiltrat are mast cells. Mast cells are heterogenous cell population which live from six months to one year. These cells are activated by differnt immunologic and non-immunologic signals. Activated mast cells can secrete a range of substances that regulate angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and wound healing, which include both degradation and synthesis of tissue components. Apart from that, mast cells have an important role in phagocytosis, antigen processing and presentation to T-cells. It is confirmed that gingival mast cells can express matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. This indicates that mast cells are likely to play an important role in inflammation and tissue degradation in periodontal diseases.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the practice of administering gradually increasing quantities of an allergen extractto an allergic subject to ameliorate the symptoms associated with the subsequent exposure to the causative allergen. The major objectives of SIT in alergy disorders are, in the short term, to reduce the allergic triggers precipitating symptoms, and, in the long term, to decrease allergy inflammation and nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity when bronchial remodeling is not prominent. The mechanisms of SIT are complex but it was convincingly shown to act by modifying Th2 cell responses either by immune deviation (increase in Th0/Th1) or T cell anergy (decrease inTh2/Th0) or more likely both. Specific immunotherapy is the only treatment that may alterthe natural course of allergic disease.

In this work we present a basic aspects of ionising radiation (afterward of depleted uranium), this effects to human organism, esspecially on radiobiological, health effects on human skin. Health effects ionising radiation on skin depends of its doses. High doses given stron reaction, already in a few days after radiation, and later manifestations arise after longer exposition lower doses this radiation. In this work we present a basics pathophysiological aspects, without specifical clinical manifestations of radiation dermatitis.