Koštani markeri su veoma korisno dijagnostiško sredstvo, mada je njihova klinička upotreba ograničena specifičnim tehničkim i analitičkim aspektima, kao i njihovom pre-analitičkom varijabilnošću. Koštani markeri, za razliku od mineralne gustine kosti, ukazuju na posebne aspekte kvaliteta kostiju, te stoga nude zasebnu i prognostičku perspektivu u ispitivanju promena mineralne gustine kosti I smanjivanju rizika od fraktura. Smanjenje nivoa koštanih markera usko je povezano sa smanjenjem rizika od frakture vratnih pršljenova usled korišćenja raloksifena, rizedronata i alendronata. Postoje brojne mogućnosti za korišćenje ovih markera u kratkoročnom praćenju toka lečenja osteoporoze, pored merenja mineralne koštane gustine, kako bi se otkrili pacijenti koji ne reaguju na terapiju.

Koštani markeri su veoma korisno dijagnostiško sredstvo, mada je njihova klinička upotreba ograničena specifičnim tehničkim i analitičkim aspektima, kao i njihovom pre-analitičkom varijabilnošću. Koštani markeri, za razliku od mineralne gustine kosti, ukazuju na posebne aspekte kvaliteta kostiju, te stoga nude zasebnu i prognostičku perspektivu u ispitivanju promena mineralne gustine kosti I smanjivanju rizika od fraktura. Smanjenje nivoa koštanih markera usko je povezano sa smanjenjem rizika od frakture vratnih pršljenova usled korišćenja raloksifena, rizedronata i alendronata. Postoje brojne mogućnosti za korišćenje ovih markera u kratkoročnom praćenju toka lečenja osteoporoze, pored merenja mineralne koštane gustine, kako bi se otkrili pacijenti koji ne reaguju na terapiju.

Artrosis as degenerative rheumatic discase of joints, which is the most often with older people, and if it is not cured adequotety it brings to the serious defects. The air of warr is to evaluate functional condition of people sick of hip osteoarthrosis by using two standardised questionnaires for the hip osteoarthrosis. Material and methods: The examination included 100 patients with hip osteoarthrosis (73 women and 23 men) whase diagnosis was set on the basis of ACR criteria. The result : In the group of 100 patients (73 women and 27 men) with average old of 58,87 years and average lasting of sickness 8,28 years from which 77 had bilateral representation of hip osteoarthrosis and 23 unilateral representation of hip osteoarthrosis showed these results of funcional tests: a) averagevalne of Womac score is 50,18 (min 13,00 max 77,00) that is in the medium category of funcional disableness, b) average volne of Lequesne score is 14,12 (min 4,00 max 23,40) that shows high degrece of functional of functional disableness. Both questionnaires are mutvally correlated with a higs degree of statistic importance in the whale score (r= 0,454; p< 0,0001) and so in the subsections: pain (r= 0,540; p<0,0001) and physical functional scale r= 0,728; p< 0,0001). The intensity of pain also correlated with time of step and Womac score (r= 0,454; p< 0,0001), and with the lasting of sickness, female sex, and there wasnt statisticaly important coreelation with Lequesne score (r= 0,215; p= 0,08). Radiologic findig correlated with reduction of the moveness amplitudes, the time of step, the lasting of sickness, the of the patient, Womac score (p< 0,05), and it isnt correlated with Lequesne score. The reduction of the moveness of amplitudes is the hips correlated with radiographic presentation, the time of step, Womac and Lequesne score, localization, the age of patients and using of help materials. Conculsion: The valne of both indexes correlate with the usual clinical indications of coxarthrosis progression, and Womac index shows better correlation with radiologic progression of sickness than with Lequesne index.

Leptin was discovered in 1994, finding, that marked the beginning of a new understanding about white adipose tissue. Up to end of 20th century this tissue was viewed as an inert tissue, devoted to body protection from heat loss and to passively store energy. This static vision, changed with identification of the product of the gene obese (ob) wich accentuated the role of adipose tissue in the physiopathology of obesity-linked diseases, and led to the discovery of various adipokines, many of a pro-inflammatory nature. With emerged knowledge of (WAT)-derived adipokines, it is obvious that they can be now considered as the bond between obesity-related environmental causes, such as nutrition and lifestyle, and the biochemical shifts that lead to metabolic syndrome, inflammatory and/or autoimmune conditions, and rheumatic diseases. This paper deals with reviews of recent adipokine research, with particular emphasis to the role of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin in chondrocyte function and skeleton, as well as in inflammatory and degenerative cartilage joint diseases.