Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is one of the causative agents from the groups of TORCH infections, which are commonly associated with congenital anomalies. Objective: Defining risk factors for infection byToxoplasma gondii of women in reproductive ages in the territory of Kosovska Mitrovica, as well as determination of seroprevalence of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in prenatal screening of pregnant women and women of childbearing age. Materials and Methods: Across sectional study that included 49, pregnant women and women of childbearing age has been conducted. The pregnant women have been monitored on regularly base, or some women have been treated in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the Health Center in Kosovska Mitrovica. Ages, place of residence, education, gynecological history and exposure to the potential risk factors associated with Toxoplasma have been collected by questionnaires. Sera have been tested on the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondi by ELISA standard manufacturer's protocol (Euroimmun, Luebeck, Germany). Results: Our study shows that 32 (65.3%) women were seronegative, while 17 women (34.7%) were seropositive. Significant seropositivity has been recorded for the women who were in contact with the ground (42.9%), compared to the women who did not have this contact (23.8%). Uses of undercooked meat in the diet did not show any effect to the seropositive status of the respondents, i.e. greater percentage of analyzed patients (75.5%) used inadequately cooked meat. Even 93.3% of respondents deny contact with a cat. It is observed that seropositivity increased with the age. Conclusion: Seroprevalence to Toxoplasma gondii infection of women of childbearing in the territory of northern Kosovska Mitrovica is not high, which implied that there is a higher possibility for acquiring primary toxoplasmosis infection during pregnancy especially for women who come in contact with the ground

Virus Zapadnog Nila je izolovan iz krvi febrilne bolesnice u Ugandi 1937. Od tada se bolest registruje u zemljama Bliskog Istoka, a smatra se da je endemična u Egiptu i Izraelu. Od 1990. bolest zahvata Evropu i Sjedinjene Američke Države, kada i menja kliničku sliku. Ranije je dominirala klinička slika groznice sa mialgijama, artralgijama, glavoboljom, limfadenopatijom, nakon 3-4 dana praćene pojavom blede makulopapulozne, i izuzetno vezikularne ospe. Od 1990., kod pacijenata starijih od 50 godina, bolest daje kliničku sliku infekcije CNS-a (1:150 inficiranih). U našem odeljenju u periodu jul-oktobar 2012. lečeno je 10 pacijenata kojima je serološki na Institutu za virusologiju 'Torlak' potvrđena infekcija virusom Zapadnog Nila (ELISA IgM At pozitivna). Prva dijagnostikovana bolesnica, C.M, stara 72 godine, primljena je u naše odeljenje 11.7.2012. zbog glavobolje, pospanosti, visoke temperature i slabosti leve polovine tela. Urađena je lumbalna punkcija, CT, NMR i EEG. Postavljena joj je dijagnoza akutnog virusnog encefalitisa Na NMR-u su utvrđene difuzne promene, dominantno u predelu obe hemisfere malog mozga. Bolesnica je otpuštena oporavljena, sa sekvelama u vidu pareze leve ruke, plegije leve noge i sa nemogućnošću samostalnog sedenja i stajanja. Upućena je na dalju fizikalnu rehabilitaciju u Rehabilitacioni centar u Melencim

The increased protein concentration in cerebrospinal fluid is among most prominent biochemical parameter of intensified passage of macromolecules through blood-brain barrier. It is often found in cases of meningeal inflammation, neurodegeneration, neoplastic and traumatic processes developed on brain or spinal cord structures. Protein concentration in cerebrospinal fluid is often determined, but determination of albumin concentrations as well as mathematical models utilizing albumin are more reflective to the pathologic processes on the brain and spinal cord. Our study was limited to the determination of referent values for our laboratory for cerebrospinal fluid albumin concentrations, albumin quotient, as well as albumin transudat and exudat in the function of the age of probands. The results of the study show great agreement with previously published data.

Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a heme enzyme present in the primary granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) participate in oxygen-dependent microbicidal activity of these cells. During the course of bacterial meningitis plenty of PMNs leave blood vessels and migrate to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space, and some of their MPO may become, extracellular. MPO activity in control CSF is low (Me = 0.5 U/L), comparing with patients CSF samples of all three groups of proteinorrachia where elevated values were found already on admission (3.5 U/L, 5.0 U/L and 12.0 U/L, respectively), with highest values found during second lumbal punction (5.5 U/L, 7.5 U/L and 14.0 U/L, respectively). Poor correlation was found between albumin quotient and MPO activity CSF/serum, but significant correlation between MPO in CSF and CSF PMNs count.