Introduction: Echosonography of the appendix is the primary method in the diagnostic algorithm of acute appendicitis, after clinical and laboratory examination. Non-invasiveness, availability and easy performance are the advantages of this method in detecting acute appendicitis. Aim: The research aimed to determine the morphological characteristics of the appendix, as well as to evaluate the role of echo sonography in the exploration and visualization of pathological changes in the appendix in acute appendicitis. Material and methods: The cross-sectional study included 59 people who underwent appendectomy and echosonographic examination of the abdomen and pelvis within the Department of Radiological Diagnostics of UHC "Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje" in Belgrade. Results: In 48 out of a total of 59 people (81.4%), there were echosonographic signs of acute appendicitis, of which incompressibility of the wall was present in 40 people (83%), diameter of the appendix over 6mm in 38 (79%), wall thickness over 3mm in 45 (94%), target sign in 33 (69%), hypervascularization of the wall in 28 (58%), as well as the presence of fecoliths with nonhomogeneous content intraluminally in 15 (31.2%) persons. The sensitivity of echosonographic examination for obtaining positive results in persons with acute appendicitis was 86.5%. The specificity of the echosonographic examination to obtain negative results in persons who do not have acute inflammation of the appendix was 57.1%. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 93.7%. The negative predictive value (NPV) was 36.4%. The accuracy of the method was 83.1%. Conclusion: Based on the high sensitivity values of the tests tested in this cross-sectional study, we estimate that echosonographic examination has a primary role in the diagnostic algorithm of a person with suspected acute appendicitis.

Najčešći nemelanomski maligni tumori kože epidermnog porekla su bazocelularni (BCK) i planocelularni ili spinocelularni (PCK) kože. Nastaju na fotoeksponiranim delovima kože i u 90% slučajeva su povezani sa oštećenjima kože nastalim dugotrajnom izlaganju UV zracima, kod osoba svetle puti i strarijeg životnog doba. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje kliničko morfoloških i histopatoloških karakteristika obe vrste nemelanomskih karcinoma kože i prekanceroznih promena na koži. Urađena je jednogodišnja epidemiološka analiza najznačajnijih parametara. Od ukupno 50 pacijenata PCK je dijagnostikovan kod 46%, BCK kod (32%), i prekanceroze kod 22%. PCK je češći kod muškaraca 52,8%. Prekanceroze lezije prisutne su kod oba pola podjednako. Muški pol je predominatan za nemelanomske karcinome kože .Od ukupnog broja 72% je muškog pola. Prosečna životna dob kod oba pola iznosi 67.22. Najmlađa osoba imala je 41. godinu dok je najstariji pacijent imao 93 godina. Lice je najčešće zahvaćena regija sa 73,9%. Najučestaliji histološki gradus za PCK je gradus I (60,9%) Interesantno je da je PCK kod žena najčešće bio lokalizovan na leđima 28,6% dok kod muškaraca nismo imali ni jedan slučaj lokalizacije na leđima. Mešovita (43,8%) i nodularna forma(37,5%) su najučestalije u grupi BCK-kože dok je superficijalna tek na trećem mestu(18,8%). Zapaljenski eksudat mononuklearnog tipa bio je prisutan kod svih oblika NMTK i to kao umeren (72%) i izražen(28%). Uspešnost hirurške ekcizije merila se pozitivnim linijama resekcije koje su kod BCK bile kod tri pacijenta(6%)a kod PCK u 6 pacijenata (12%).

Aging begins at the moment of birth and it is inevitable part of our lives. Statistical data obtained in recent years, indicate that the average human lifespan is significantly prolonged compared to the previous century, which is likely to come as a result of technological progress and consequently the development of medicine. Whole teams of scientists are constantly trying to clarify the process of aging and in some ways make it slower.Attempts to find the causes of aging is present for the purpose of extending the creative activity of man

As a mixed exocrine and endocrine gland pancreas has a very important role in the digestive tract. The juice of his exocrine part, which is released into the duodenum, carries more than 20 pancreatic enzymes, important for a normal process of digestion. Endocrine part of the gland, which consists of the islets-insula, actively participate in the metabolism of human organism, secreting two important hormones - insulin and glucagon. Because of its location, the pancreas is an extremely inaccessible organ for a physical examination. Despite of a large number of modern clinical methods for monitoring changes in the body, the detail knowledge of morphological characteristics of this gland is still very important. The material was taken from the cadaver of the fetus and newborn at the Institute of Pathology of the Faculty of Medicine. We classified samples of pancreas into three groups, with respect to age (from 3 months to neonates) and CS length. After dehydration and the molding compositions are cut at a thickness of between 6 and 10 microns. In addition to standard staining methods, some preparations are for identification of insula, painted by Grimelijus. In this study, we determined the morphological changes of the prenatal pancreas, from the third month of intrauterine fetal development, until the end of the fetal time and determine the dynamics of changes in the parenchyma and stroma. We could distinguish functional parts of the pancreas, in 10-11th week of development. In the first trimester of pregnancy, we have noticed an increase in parenchymal elements and the reduction of the stroma, which is slightly more pronounced in interlobular area, that clearly differentiating lobules. At the beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy, in the pancreas that are developing, we observed significant changes.The lobular structure of pancreas was clearly visible. Pancreatic acini are clearly differentiated and are in very close contact, since the stroma between them very reduced. Within almost all lobulus there are clearly expressed the islets of Langerhans, which are multiplied, different sizes, separated from the exocrine part by poorly expressed connective tissue. In the group of prematurely born children, we found that the morphology of the pancreas is very similar to the pancreas at the end of the fetal period.