Osnovni cilj rada je identifikacija najvažnijih epidemioloških karakteristika malignih bolesti u opštinama severnog dela kosovskomitrovačkog okruga. U radu je korišćena epidemiološka metoda studija preseka (cross sectional). Kao materijal za izradu rada i izvođenje zaključaka korišćeni su podaci iz Registra za hronične nezarazne bolesti Zavoda za javno zdravlje Priština sa sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici. U periodu od 2004-2011. godine na Kosovu i Metohiji (srpske enklave) prijavljeno je 913 obolelih od malignih bolesti. U strukturi obolelih provlađuju osobe muškog pola 545 (60 %). Bolest je registrovana u 14 naselja. Vodeće lokalizacije obolelih od malignih tumora kod muškaraca su karcinom pluća i bronha sa učešćem od 44,4% u ukupnoj strukturi lokalizacija obolelelih, zatim slede karcinom laringsa (7,7%), kolorektalni karcinom (6,8%), maligni tumori želuca (6,1%) i prostate (5,3 %). Maligni tumori dojke (24,7%), pluća i bronha (17,4%), grlića materice (8,2%), kolorektalni karcinom (6,8 %) i ovarijalni karcinom (5,4%) su najčešće lokalizacije kod žena. Učestalost malignih bolesti pluća i bronha je statistički značajna u starosnoj dobi od 55-64 godina kod osoba muškog pola. Kod žena je najčešće javljanje malignih oboljenja dojke u starosnoj dobi od 45-59 godina (45%). U analiziranom periodu najveći broj obolelih muškaraca 125, (22,9%) registrovan je u opštini Leposavić. Najveća učestalost obolevanja kod žena registrovana je u opštini Kosovska Mitrovica (84 (22,8%). Na osnovu jednačine linije trenda za muški pol (y=68,125 +0,64 x), broj novoobolelih osoba pokazuje pozitivan trend sa porastom broja obolelih. Pozitivan trend rasta broja obolelih je prisutan i u ženskoj populaciji što pokazuje jednačina linije trenda za ženski pol (y=46+0,13 x). U posmatranom periodu od malignih bolesti je umrlo 673 lica (390 muškaraca i 283 žena). Na osnovu jednačine linije trenda za muški pol (y=65+1,73x), broj umrlih osoba pokazuje pozitivan trend , dok jednačina linije trenda za ženski pol ukazuje na negativan trend sa stagnacijom, i u kasnijem periodu blagim padom broja umrlih (y=47,17+0,13x). Vodeća lokalizacija umrlih od malignih tumora kod muškaraca je karcinom pluća i bronha 33,3%.Kod žena je karcinom dojke vodeći uzrok smrtnosti od malignih bolesti sa učešćem u strukturi umrlih od 20,8%. U cilju potpunijeg sagledavanja značaja i prevencije malignih bolesti, neophodno je objediniti podatke za celokupnu teritoriju Kosova i Metohije, organizovati skrining programe za rano otkrivanje malignih bolesti, kao i ažurniju dostavu relevantnih podataka Zavodu za javno zdravlje, naročito o umrlim osobama.

Dijabetes je jedno od najčešćih hroničnih nezaraznih obolenja u svetu i kod nas. Sa postepenim porastom incidencije dobija pandemijski karakter i predstavlja veliki javnozdravstveni problem. Osnovni cilj rada je identifikacija najvažnijih epidemioloških karakteristika dijabetesa u srpskim enklavama Kosova i Metohije. U radu je korišćena epidemiološka metoda studija preseka (cross sectional). U periodu od 2004-2011. godine prijavljeno je 1166 obolelih od dijabetesa,130 od dijabetesa tip 1 (11,1%), 1036 od dijabetesa tip 2 (88,9%). Najviša nestandardizovana stopa incidencije kod dijabetesa tip 1 (23,6/100.000), zabeležena je 2005. godine, a kod dijabetesa tip 2 (281,5/100.000) 2006. godine. Linearni trend stope incidencije pokazao je najznačajniji pad u ispitivanom periodu kod dijabetesa tip 1 (y=10.4-0.68x), umeren pad kod oba tipa dijabetesa (y=93.1-2.13x) i neznatno smanjenje stope incidencije kod dijabetesa tip 2, (y=161,6-0.57x). Nestandardizovane stope mortaliteta svih tipova dijabetesa u ispitivanom periodu kretale su se u rasponu od 5,1/100.000 do 14,0/100.000. Dijabetes tip 2 se najučestalije javlja u opštini Kosovska Mitrovica (hi-kvadrat=8,39, DF=1,p<0,01), a dijabetes tip 1 u opštini Leposavić (hi-kvadrat=21,12 DF=1, p<0,01).Prema topografskoj distribuciji zapaža se najveće učešće u strukturi umrlih u opštini Kosovska Mitrovica, (40,0%) od dijabetesa tip 1, a u Leposaviću od dijabetesa tip 2 (22,%).

Diabetic retinopathy is the microangiopathy which procedures pre capillary arterioles, capillaries and post capillary venules. The length of disease and poor metabolic control, have the biggest impact on development and progression of DR. By the prospective study in Gracanica Health House, for the period time of six months, there were matched 50 patients with DM tip 2.Along of internal review, there were made ophthalmological review, and anthropometric and laboratory researches.

Aim of this study was to identify the most relevant epidemiological risk factors for acquiring tularemia. Method used in the study was cross section. During period 2000-2006 at the territory of Serbia (excluding Kosovo and Metohia region) 254 tularemia cases were identified. No lethal outcomes were noted. Tularemia was registered in 11 districts of Central Serbia, while no cases of the disease were noticed in region of Vojvodina. In Serbian enclaves in Kosovo and Metohia there were 4 cases of Tularemia. 4 epidemics with 21 diseased persons were reported at territory of Central Serbia. Majority of patients were 20-60 years old (86%). No significance difference in sex distribution was observed. Almost the same number of male (129) and female (125) patients was affected. This could be explained by identical exposure of both sexes to diseases causative agents. The disease has seasonal character. It occurs most often in late autumn and winter due to contact with diseased rabbits during hunting season, meat consummation, and inhalation of dust containing diseased animal excreta. During observation period linear trend of incidence rate have not shown statistically significant elevation neither decrease.

The aim of this study was to identify main epidemiological risk factors for the Leptospirosis at territory of Serbia. The cross sectional study was used as epidemiological method during investigation. During period of 2000-2006. Leptospirosis affected 211 people, while 14 of them died as a consequence of this illness in Serbia. Number of patients with Leptospirosis was almost equal at the territory of Central Serbia and Vojvodina region, while at Serbian enclaves in Kosovo and Metohija there was no single case of sickness. Most of the affected patients were working people, males between 20 and 60 years old (97%) with higher risk factor for contamination with disease determined by their profession (farmers, fishermen, veterinarians. Seasonal character of illness (most of the affected in August) was caused by increased exposition to Leptospirosis in summer time (swallowing of contaminated water during swimming and diving, small wounds on skin etc)

Elementary mercury using as cathode in process chlorine-alkali electrolyze. Mercury vapor makes in process going in work setting atmosphere. Aim of the work is to examine whether symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings are in the correlation with work in the chlorine-alkali electrolyze. Examination of air pollution work setting discovers that the major factor of air pollution is mercury vapor. On periodical view at 2000, 2002 and 2004 year was examine 571 respondent, and their diagnosis was entered in report, from which was separated symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings. Workers on different workplaces are exposes in different degrees. Examinees were divided in a four group according to the grade of exposure: I group day by day exposed; II group sporadically exposed; III group earlier exposed; IV group not exposed. I, II and III group are workers which work in the process chlorine-alkali electrolyze. IV group was control group and her compose administration personal. The statistical testing differences of frequency between groups according to the grade of exposure is showed there is statistical significantly difference between I and III, and II and IV groups. We are concludes that symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, statistically significantly, there is in persons which are permanently and long term worked in the chlorine-alkali electrolyze setting, from persons which are not permanently expose or nonexpose

In process of chlorine-alkali electrolyze the big mercury failure exist in vapor shape, which across respiratory system, expire in exposed persons organism. The aim of the work was to examine connection between mercury vapor air pollution and sicknesses coming from diseases belonging to the XI group of diseases by International Classification of Diseases th (ICD) - 10 revision. Exploring groups were workers “Kalium chemistry” factory and administration at CI ”Zupa”. Recognized diagnosis on periodical exams year 2000, 2002 and 2004 were entered in reports (expertises) analyzed later on. Analyzed reports for total 571 examinees were done, 184 examinees year 2000, 191 examinees year 2002 and 196 year 2004. As of diagnosis recognized the diagnoses were separate for diseases belonging to XI ICD group. Examinees were divided in a four group according to the grade of exposure: I group day by day exposed; II group sporadically exposed; III group earlier
exposed; IV group not exposed. First, second and third group of examinees were workers of “Kalium chemistry” factory. It was established during the examination at rooms were exposed workers stay that only mercury vapor pollution 3.01 overcomes Maximum Permitted Concentration allowed by JUS. The frequency differences testing between groups according to the grade of exposure, like as frequency differences testing of sicknesses between all exposed opposite un-exposed, showed
to us that differences are statistically significant. Based on the results of the this research it can be conclude that connection exist between mercury vapor air pollution and sicknesses coming from diseases belonging to the XI group of diseases by ICD.

Nosocomial infectious (NI) are very big problem nowdays. The aim of this was to investigate the level of knowledge of medicial students of University Pristina about NI and to compare the knowledge level of preclinical with knowledge level of clinical students about NI. Cross-sectional study was conducte in May 2001. The instrument of survey was questionnaire with 28 questions wich were distributed to all third-year (preclinical) students and to all fifth-year (clinical) students and to all fifth-year (clinical) students at the Medical Faculty Pristina. The majority of third-year students (78,2%) and fifth-year students (91,1%) knew the definition of NI and their reservoirs (100.0%). The fifth-year students gave correct answers, statisticaly significant, more frequently (X} =4.62; df=1, p<0.05). The majority of students (89,1% of third-year and 96,4% of fifth-year students) knew that NI could be prevented, but only 14,5% of third-year and 25% of fifth-year students considered handwashing the basic measure for prevention, although there is no statisticaly significant difference between third-year students (X' =2.62; df=1, p>0.05). Around 98% students percepted the risk of NI for medical staff. Around 80% of students estimated that the aditional lectures about NI are needed during the studies. The fifth-year students more frequently showed higher level of knowledge about multidrug-resistant bacteria (X* =17.77; df=1, p<0.01).

Approximately 70% of third-year students gained knowledge about NI from sources other than lectures, but 75% of fifth-year students gained that knowledge from lectures in epydemiology. Additional information about NI, especially about univesal precution, is needen for medical students. Tt is very important to appropriately organise the studies with more practical work in prevention of NI. The emphasise should be put on health edecation in order to increase knowledge about NI, general hygienic measures encouraging handwashing and correct use proper dezinfectans in order to control the hospital environment.