Aim of this study was to determine characteristics and correlation between basic anthropometric and spirometric parameters in athletes of different sports and non sportsmen. Measurements were conducted on 140 male and female athletes: volleyball, basketball, soccer, handball players, runners, VESLACI and 60 non sportsmen, 30 female and 30 male. All measurements were conducted in the Laboratory for functional diagnostics at the Department of Physiology, Medical School, Novi Sad. BMI values were normal for all athletes except in handball players, whose average BMI was 25.70+/-2.35 2 kg/m . Average values of body fat percent (BF %) were significantly higher in female athletes, the lowest values were measured in female runners (determined by both methods anthropometry, bioimpedance), while in the group of male athletes the highest body fat was found in basketball players. Statisticaly significant gender difference was found for all anthropometric parameters. Athletes have significantly lower values of BMI and BF% compared to non sportsmen, and males compared to females. Those gender differences are the result of sex determined diferences in body fat distribution, and different length of sports activities. BMI is not a good predictor of body fat content in athletes, because it's high values indicates masculinity rather than fatness. Spirometric parameters show significantly higher values in athletes of both sexes, because ventilatory function is expected as an effect of chronic adaptation on training. Correlation differences between anthropometric and spirometric parameters can be explained by the age differences in our participants and the length of their sports activities.

Primary stimulus for muscular mass enlargement is to repeat developing of sceletal muscles force in the level above the one which exist in everyday activities. The aim of this work was following the growth of lower leg extensor muscular force as well as changes in the surface of a diagonal upper leg muscular tissue cross-section during eight-week programming force training. 12 male subjects, who were neither active nor regular in practicing sport for the last six months, were included in this examination. Conducted training programme was based on dynamic lower leg extensor muscular force training with concentric and eccentric component. Programme was consisted of three training a week for the period of eight weeks. Anthropometric measuring of the upper leg as well as upper leg skin folds ranges were conducted before the th beginning of training programme, after 4 week and at the end of training programme, and also calculated the surface size of diagonal upper leg pure muscular mass cross-section. During eight-week training, we have statistically significant growth th th of lower leg extensor muscular force (27.20% in 4 week, 50.18% in 8 week). After four-week training, we have statistically enlargement in the surface of diagonal left and right upper leg muscular tissue cross-section for 2.62% and 2.45%. This dimension continued to grow by 8th week of training (7.63% and 7.07%). Programming force training with concentric and eccentric component has lead to significant muscular force growth as well as surface enlargement of diagonal upper leg muscular tissue cross-section in previously untrained person. Muscular mass enlargement was more th th important at the end of 8 week than after 4 week

The aim of this study was to show values of dynamometric parameters in elite athletes, and to determine and explain difference in those parameters between persons of various sport specialities and non sportsmen. In the study were included 153 participants: 123 elite athletes (17 boxers, 17 wrestlers, 27 hockey, 23 volleyball, 20 handball, 20 basketball and 19 soccer players) and 30 students, non sportsmen. Muscular strength (A) and power (P) were registrated by dynamometry. As a result of chronic adaptation to training, athletes had significantly higher values of registered parameters than non sportsmen. Lowest values of dynamometric parameters were measured in non sportsmen, at arm flexion A was 57.65 kg and power P285.60 W. Comparing results of athletes of different sport specialties, significant difference was found in values of some parameters. Dynamometric parameter at arm flexion has had the highest value in tested wrestlers 82.0kg, and lowest values were registered in soccer players, but only in absolute values. Differences in some measured parameters between groups of athletes can be explained by specific demands in different sports, during prolonged training and performance activities