Main point of prevention of tuberculosis is the existence of basic knowledge about risc factors (smoking habit, alchohol abuse) which contribute to apperance of tuberculosis and influence to therapy. In order to assess the influence of potential risc factors a crossanalysis was made for the years 2002-2004, 2007-2009 and 2012-2014 . During the period of 12 years, 230 cases of TB were included in the study. The mean age of all subjects was 45.81±16.98. There were (61.7–73.2%) males and this observation is supported by reENGLISH 2014; 43 (3) 23-29 29 ORIGINALNI RADOVI ports that males had signitificantly higher risc for more severe lung destruction (69.2-84.6%), as evidenced by bilateral lung cavitation (86.1-100%) than females. In total 45.6–76.7% were smear-positive. Alcohol use disorders increased (11.8–29.4%; p=0.02) as a smoking habit (44.1–47.1%). In cases with severe lung destruction as a lung cavitation incrised cigarette smoking (46.6–60.0%) and alcoholism (19.4–50.0%; p=0.007). Linear regression analysis confirmed a statistically significant correlation between severe form of TB and smoking habit (>20 cigarettes per day, p=0.04) and alcohol use disorders (p=0.004). Successful control in reducing smoking, alcohol use disorders and, could favorably impact the TB morbidity rate.

Danas gojaznost predstavlja globalni epidemiološki problem koji tokom vremena postoji sve veći. Međutim, efekti gojaznosti na respiratorni sistem često su neuvaženi. U ovom članku biće sagledani mehanički efekti gojaznosti na fiziologiju pluća kao i funkcija masnog tkiva kao endokrinog organa na produkciju sistemske inflamacije i uloge na centralnu kontrolu disanja. Gojaznost igra ključnu ulogu u razvoju opstruktivne apnee u spavanju i opstruktivnog hipoventilacionog sindroma. Bolje razumevanje efekata gojaznosti na respiratorne bolesti i pružanje adekvatnih mera zdravstvene zaštite je od vitalnog značaja u sprečavanju ovog sve značajnijeg problema.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) and venous thromboembolism are two clinical manifestations of a single entity - venous thromboembolism. PE usually occurs through due thrombi from the lower veins, and in 10-15% of cases are due thrombus from upper veins or right heart failure. Significance is mainly determined by the frequency (1/1000 per year in the adult population; less in younger but significant increase with increasing age), the risk of mortality is important in acute and chronic diseases that are associated with this clinical manifestation. Acute pulmonary embolism is often fatal, with a mean annual mortality of about 30% in untreated. Many deaths occur because of recurrent PE within the first few hours after the initial event. In the nineteenth century, Virchow the mechanism of thromboembolism categorized into three groups: changes in the blood vessel wall, a reduction of blood flow (path) and changes in the composition of the blood (hypercoagulable, prothrombotic). Modern interpretation of the pathogenesis of thromboembolism, which is processed corresponds Virhovljevom concept. In general thromboembolic events can be a result of complications of individual risk factors as increased thrombotic potential.

Različita oboljenja pluća se na radiogramu grudnog koša mogu manifestovati u obliku solitarnih perifernih kružnih plućnih promena. U najvećem procentu radi se o tumorima pluća i to najčešće o karcinomu bronha perifernog tipa. Po učestalosti zatim dolaze tuberkulozne, bakterijske, gljivične, parazitne, infekcijske lezije kao i metastaze na plućima. Ostala oboljenja su zastupljena u znatno manjem procentu. Ovakve periferne plućne lezije su uglavnom asimptomatske i otkrivaju se slučajno. Veličine su 3-6 cm u prečniku. Lokalizovane su u desnom plućnom krilu, apikalno znatno češće, u odnosu na levo plućno krilo. Kod tuberkuloznih lezija u 50 % slučajeva prisutne su kalcifikacije, a najčešće su zastupljeni tuberkulomi. Periferne solitarne plućne lezije mogu pričinjavati značajan dijagnostički problem što iziskuje primenu mnogih dopunskih metoda ispitivanja do konačne dijagnoze i primene adekvatnog lečenja.

Telemedicina je kao sistem pružanja zdravstvene zaštite, definisana od Svetske zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) kao praktična zdravstvena zaštita koja koristi interaktivnu zvučnu, vizuelnu komunikaciju i razmenu podataka. Univerzitetski telemedicinski centar u Kosovskoj Mitrovici obezbeđuje stalnu dostupnost kadra neophodnih specijalnosti za brzu i efikasnu telekonsultaciju u slučajevima kada je ona neophodna ili se nameće kao metoda izbora u pomoći kod postavljanja dijagnoze, ali i planiranja i sprovođenja same terapije. Prikazana je 'store and forward' telemedicinska konsultacija u vidu slučaja normalnog nivoa hitnosti koji je zahtevao interdisciplinarni pristup između stomatologa endodonta i stomatologa oralnog hirurga. Kao pametna veza između telekonsultanata pri Univerzitetskom telemedicinskom centru korišćen je XPA3 online aplikacioni sistem. Nakon adekvatne telekonsultacije u kojoj su učestvovali lekari iz Kosovske Mitrovice, Niša i Podgorice, na pacijentu je uspešno sprovedena endodontsko oralnohirurška terapija, čime je pacijent u potpunosti zbrinut.

Allergic disease are actual pathologic condition in medicine. From this diseases can get ill people of any age, both sex, and the number of patients with allergic diseases rapidly increase in countries of progressive world. This disease are wide - spread, with tendency of increase, and they can have fatal result in extreme cases. Because of high prevalence of morbidity and complications they have, allergic diseases are health problem. According to World allergic organization, more than 40 % of population in world will be atopic. In our environment this diseases are increasing, because of bad ecological condition from one side, and from the other side of genetic influence, and on the top of ladder are allergic diseases of respiratory system. The mayor key process in atopia is continuous and plentiful production of IgE antibody. 

Chronic pulmonary heart (HPS) stands for presence of right ventricular hypertrophy with or without right ventricular failure, arising as a consequence of chronic bronchial diseases, lung, pulmonary artery, or severe deformation of the thoracic skeleton. Excludes the pulmonary hypertension as a result of heart disease of left cavities, and congenital heart disease. During the evolution of chronic pulmonary heart, distinguished three stages: a) uncomplicated pneumopathology, b) compensated chronic pulmonary heart and c) decompensated chronic pulmonary heart. Lung ventilation is the process of moving air from the external environment to the alveolar and back, and its ultimate aim is alveolar ventilation space. This process takes place through active action - inspirium and passive - expirium, which causes the lungs to the basic position of rest. The disorders of ventilation lung function can be obstructive and restrictive, and there are often mixed forms with predominantly obstructive or predominantly restrictive pulmonary function disorder. These disorders were particularly expressed in patients with chronic decompensated pulmonary heart, what indicates this work. We studied 40 patients and found low values of vital capacity (VC) and forced exspirium volume in the first second (FEV ), with normal values of 1 Tiffeneau index, which speaks to the fact that respondents with decompensated chronic pulmonary heart have mixed ventilation insufficienty, ìainly restricted type heavy degree. 

Formation of vascular access in elderly and diabetic patients is burdened with many difficulties. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that older people and patients with diabetes mellitus defined as the population risk for the formation of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. The study was organized as a retrospective study, a subject of interest in people older than 65 years of age and diabetes, which in four years because of the need for further treatment performed arteriovenous fistula. Analyzed the demographic structure of the patient, type of anastomosis, the use of central-venous catheters for hemodialysis, arterial blood pressure and size of the lumen of blood vessels used for anastomosis, intraoperative measured. From the laboratory analysis determined the routine hematological and biochemical parameters. In relation to the positioning of arteriovenous fistula (p=0.033), the placement of catheters for hemodialysis (p=0.0009), preventive form of vascular access (p=0.04) and values of systolic (p=0.0001) and diastolic (p=0.0001) arterial blood pressure, achieved a statistically significant difference. Patients with diabetic nephropathy, compared to the population of elderly, have a significantly higher number of leukocytes (7.5±2.61 vs. 8.5±3.24, p=0.03), fibrinogen level (5.57±2.39 vs. 6.8±1.71, p=0.036), glycemia (5.35±1.24 vs. 7.1±2.28, p<0.0001), cholesterol (3.77±1 , 03 vs. 4.5±1.71, p=0.001), triglycerides (1.59 ±0.62 vs. 1.86±0.76, p=0.009) and LDL-cholesterol (2.13±0.76 vs. 2.42±2.04, p=0.02). Total proteins (64±9.98 vs. 62 ±7.4, p=0.027) and albumin (36±34 vs. 9.55±5.49, p=0.037) were significantly lower values in diabetics. Characteristics of older diabetics and is characterized as a risk population of patients for the creation of arterio-fistula were timely creation and position of arterio fistula, the need for placement of central-venous catheters for hemodialysis and arterial blood pressure.

Introduction: Upon teeth are lost, morphological and functional disorders are caused on stomatognathic system. Since a longer period of time, total dentures made on conventional way were the best choice for treating toothless patients. Because of specific configuration of the toothless lower jaw, patients with total dentures mostly suffer problems with lower jaw total denture. From the time when osseointegration was applied as a successful clinical concept, implants have been used as well as for retention and stabilization of the total dentures. Case report: 66 years old male patient underwent surgery where implant-prosthetics rehabilitation of lower jaw is attained with application of four Bredent mini implants, used for retention and rehabilitation of total acrylic denture. The overall process was completed in one session within approximately one and a half hours, with the regular post surgical care and immediate load of implants. Conclusion: Taking into consideration simplicity, safety and non invasive procedure of placing mini implants, as well as their effect on improving quality of life of toothless patients, and economic aspect, we can conclude that along with classical and small implants they present future and method of choice for the rehabilitation of toothless patients.

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that is largely attributable to infections with gram-negative bacteria and is characterised by both gingival inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. Beside macrophages, the second most common cells of the gingival inflammatory infiltrat are mast cells. Mast cells are heterogenous cell population which live from six months to one year. These cells are activated by differnt immunologic and non-immunologic signals. Activated mast cells can secrete a range of substances that regulate angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and wound healing, which include both degradation and synthesis of tissue components. Apart from that, mast cells have an important role in phagocytosis, antigen processing and presentation to T-cells. It is confirmed that gingival mast cells can express matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. This indicates that mast cells are likely to play an important role in inflammation and tissue degradation in periodontal diseases.