Contents
30.06.2025.
Professional paper
KT SKOR TEŽINE BOLESTI KAO PREDIKTOR MORTALITETA KOD HOSPITALIZOVANIH COVID-19 PACIJENATA
Uvod: Kompjuterizovana tomografija (KT) grudnog koša je značajna radiološka metoda u dijagnostikovanju COVID-19, planiranju lečenja i proceni
odgovora na primenjenu terapiju. KT skor ili indeks težine bolesti (eng. Computed Tomography Severity Score Index-CTSS) se smatra korisnim
sredstvom u proceni obima zahvaćenosti pluća inflamatornim promenama, što može pomoći u predviđanju smrtnog ishoda kod obolelih.
Cilj rada: Ispitati ulogu KT skora težine bolesti na prijemu u zdravstvenu ustanovu u predikciji letalnog ishoda kod pacijenata obolelih od COVID-19.
Metode rada: Ovom studijom obuhvaćeno je 176 pacijenata sa potvrđenom infekcijom SARS-CoV-2 koji su hospitalizovani u Kovid bolnici Kliničko
bolničkog centra Kosovska Mitrovica od jula 2020. do marta 2022. godine. Svi ispitanici su na prijemu bili upućivani na pregled kompjuterizovanom
tomografijom grudnog koša. Određivanjem KT skora težine bolesti utvrđivan je procenat pluća zahvaćenih COVID-19 pneumonijom i oblik bolesti
(blagi, umeren i težak). Praćenjem ishoda bolesti sagledana je prognostička uloga inicijalnog KT pregleda grudnog koša.
Rezultati: Najveći broj ispitanika je imao umereni oblik bolesti. Uočava se značajna razlika u distribuciji plućne inflamacije, sa jednostranom i
perifernom lokalizacijom promena koje su najčešći nalaz kod blagog oblika pa sve do obostranih promena koje zahvataju veću površinu pluća kod
teških oblika bolesti. Najučestalije promene viđene inicijalnim KT pregledom su senke izgleda „mlečnog stakla“, dilatirani krvni sudovi i
konsolidacije.
Zaključak: Vrednosti ukupnog KT skora veće od 17 su odličan diskriminatorni kriterijum letalnog ishoda kod pacijenata obolelih od COVID-19. Pomoću ovog načina skorovanja
stepena plućne inflamacije viđene kompjuterizovnom tomografijom na prijemu u zdravstvenu ustanovu može se predvideti ishod bolničkog lečenja. Sveobuhvatnim
sagledavanjem pacijenta na prijemu može se izvršiti adekvatna klinička procena i samim tim primena odgovarajućih terapijskih protokola u lečenju COVID-19.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, kompjuterizovana tomografija grudnog koša, KT skor težine bolesti, smrtni ishod.
Aleksandra Milenković, Simon Nikolić, Jelena Aritonović Pribaković
01.12.2019.
Professional paper
Anatomical variants of circle of Willis
Introduction: The circle of Willis is the major source of collateral blood flow between the carotid and vertebrobasilar system. Its potential depends on the presence and size of arteries that vary greatly among normal individuals and therefore their adequate observation by a radiologist is necessary. Aim: Determine the type of the circle of Willis and their frequency. Determine the type, frequency and localization of anatomical variants of arteries, as well as their average diameter. Compare these variables according to the age and gender of the examinees. Material and methods: A retrospective study was performed at the Center for Radiology of the Clinical Center Nis during 2017. All subjects underwent CT or MR angiography according to a standard endocranial protocol. The anterior and posterior parts of the circle were specially observed, with an emphasis on the presence or absence of anatomical variants of the arteries, with the measurement of their diameter. The obtained data were classified into variants of the front or rear part of the ring as well as the type of ring according to integrity. The frequency of these variables and their comparison by sex and age were measured. Results: The research included 92 examinees. According to the configuration of the Willis arterial ring, the adult type was the most often represented (71.7%). The most common type in terms of integrity was partially complete. The most common anatomical variants obtained in our work was aplasia of AcoA (27.2%) and aplasia of one or both PCoA (21%). PcoA hypoplasia was occured in women with a frequency of 13.5% while in men it was not present. Conclusion: Adequate understanding of the morphology of the circle of Willis by radiological methods is a good guide for neurosurgical and radiological intervention procedures. In this way, potentially significant neurological complications and the risk of morbidity and mortality could be reduced.
Aleksandra Milenković, Slađana Petrović, Simon Nikolić, Branislava Radović, Aleksandra Ilić, Miloš Gašić, Bojan Tomić
01.12.2019.
Professional paper
Errors and artifacts on radiographs
Introduction: The process of recording a patient includes a procedure with several separate segments during work that together provide the imaging to be obtained for adequate radiological analysis. Throughout the process, it is possible to experience errors that create artifacts on X-rays which ultimately results in an inadequate recording that is not for valid analysis. Aim: Determine the total number of radiological films that are not for valid analysis. Sort out and analyze errors in radiographs according to the work process. Provide recommendations for improving the quality in the process of recording the patient. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Radiology Clinic of the Clinical Hospital Center Pristina-Gracanica, for two calendar years. All films that are not for valid analysis were considered. The radiological procedure of patient imaging was broken down into logical segments so that possible errors could be observed. We have summarized the causes of the artifacts in five appropriate groups (errors made by the recording technique, during the acquisition of the image, caused by the object of recording, during the processing of films in an automated machine and improper handling of films). Results: The total amount of used X-ray films is 32600 pieces, of which 242 (0.74%) were errors and artifacts. The most common format of a film with an error or artifact was 30x40 cm. A frequency of errors according to the cause of the occurrence is classified into appropriate groups. The largest number was in a group 1 - 155 (64.04%), in a group 2 - 3 (1.24%), in a group 3 - 13 (5.37%), in a group 4 - 67 (27.69%), and in a group 5 - 4 (1.66%). Conclusion: In the proper systematization of all observed errors and artifacts of X-ray film, it allows us to realise the place of error during the whole process of recording and processing of the film. We hereby wish to propose their elimination and improve the quality of the radiology department.
Simon Nikolić, Aleksandra Milenković, Bojan Tomić, Branislava Radović, Miloš Gašić
