Introduction: Asphyxiation by aspiration- inhalation of foreign bodies is a form of violent mechanical asphyxia and can occur at any age, most commonly in children and the elderly. In children up to third age choking is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Mortality due to aspiration of foreign bodies is higher in children because of the relatively narrow airways and less developed protective mechanisms. The size, type, shape and place of obstruction with foreign body leads to the diversity of clinical picture.

Case report. We present the case of a 15 month-old girl, who was found by her mother in her house in a village, lying down, cyanotic, collapsed, without breathing. Autopsy showed that the cause of death was acute respiratory obstruction with impacted grains of corn in two places, on the larynx entrance and in the right bronchus.

Conclusion. The diagnosis of death by asphyxiation due to aspiration of foreign bodies is set at autopsy, when the place of airway occlusion is found. If a foreign body was removed during providing assistance, the diagnosis would be made based on medical records or history data of persons who were provided assistance. In cases of sudden deaths of young children, in order to clarify pathophysiological mechanism and mode of death in each case, a pathologist should always keep in mind the possibility of aspiration of foreign bodies, and in accordance with this, carefully apply appropriate autopsy techniques to locate the place of obstruction, with special regard to local finding in airways.

Reforma zdravstvenog sistema podrazumeva prihvatanje inovacija u upravljanju finansijama zdravstvene ustanove. Uspešna promena načina finansiranja zdravstvene zaštite zahteva prethodnu analizu troškova i aktivnosti zdravstvenih ustanova. U radu je izvedena uporedna analiza troškova 27 domova zdravlja primenom inovativnog tabelarnog sistema za analizu i kontrolu troškova korišćenjem „Step Down“ metodologije. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da: Dominantni trošak za lična primanja, prosečno oko 80%, ne zavisi od veličine doma zdravlja; Evidentne razlike u procentnim vrednostima troškova za lekove, medicinski potrošni materijal, dijagnostičke službe; Postoji evidentna razlika procentne vrednosti troškova tehničkog održavanja kao posledica neujednačenog procenta broja zaposlenih nemedicinskih radnika, razlika u infrastrukturnoj organizaciji, razlika u stanju i vrsti opreme, razlika u načinu grejanja prostora i vrsti goriva za grejanje, obaveze prevoza bolesnika i specifičnost službe kućnog lečenja i polivalentne patronaže; Postoji velika razlika u troškovima po uprosečenom ambulantnom pregledu, kao posledica neujednačenog broj izvršenih usluga. Osnovni zaključak urađene analize ukazuje na činjenjicu da je u uslovima prikazane neujednačenosti troškova problematično primeniti sistem finansiranja kapitacijom.

The neurons of the sympathetic trunk as well as the other nerve cells undergo of many changes during life. The most striking of these morphological changes, during normal aging, is the accumulation of lipofuscin-filled vacuoles or neuromelanin. Considering that the pigment is a non-biodegradable and can not be removed by exocytosis, the process of its accumulation in cells is unavoidable. The role of lipofuscin and its impact on cell function is not quite clear. Some authors consider that pigment does not damage the function of the cell, unless it contains lipofuscin in large quantities, and then it mechanically prevents its function so that could lead to cell death. Since we found a very little data in the literature about using morphometric methods in accumulation of pigment in ganglion cells or quantified observed changes, we set that the aim of this study is to confirm the presence of pigment in ganglionar cells of the symphatetic trunk, when it occurs in grater extent, as well as dinamics of its accumulation (quantification of ganglionar cells without pigment, those with partial presence of pigment, and those that were complitely filled with pigment) by using numerical density. For morphometric analysis we used test system M42. To determine the numerical density of ganglionar cells we used a method for thick cuts by Floderus. We found that interneuronal accumulation of lipofuscin is directly correlated with the aging process.

During the armed conflict in Kosovo and Metohija, and after it, were killed more than 5 000 people, and according to the International Red Cross Committee in March 2001, 3,338 people were still missing. Until the conclusion of this study, the number of missing persons in Kosovo and Metohia for which the trail is about 1700. This list includes people from all ethnic communities. The primary objective of the forensic investigation is to determine the identity of the missing persons and after that their remains returne to the families, in accordance with Geneva protocols. Experts post-mortem examination after the exhumation determine the cause and manner of death, which indicates a violation of human rights and war crimes.Conclusion. We are facing with reasonable fear that with the passage of time, less interest will be devoted to this issue and the activities on finding and identifying missing persons will completely stop.

Determination of direction of car impact on pedestrian is complex interdisciplinary biomechanical analysis, which sintetize the work of legal medicine and traffic engineering professions. Injury characteristics depends on constitution and position of pedestrian, and type of passenger car. There are different mechanisms of injury arising from sum of effect of complex mechanical forces, from motion and impact on human body. Results are showing that new generation car, with aerodinamic wedge front, favorize occurrence of hyperextensive injuries, while speed presents dominant factor of intensity of injuries. In modern traffic conditions, we found multiple reduction of number of deaths of pedestrians in road traffic accidents.

After the armed conflicts throughout the nineties of the twentieth century occurred in former Yugoslavia, identification of war victims is a challenging task. This paper gives a detailed description of exhumed remains identification process. One of the study objectives has been a comparison between DNA results and traditional forensic identification methods. This paper deals with the identification of human remains that were exhumed in Kosovo and Metohia in the period 2001-2012, belonging to Serbs and other non-Albanian ethnic communities (Montenegrins, Bosniaks, Roma, Gorani, and others), as well as much lower number of Albanians who were also killed during the war and post-war period.The experience of this process and the experience of other countries show that there is a need to organize appropriate services for identification of human remains in Serbia, capable to react effectively in case of mass disaster.

Number of poisons which surround the modern man is constantly on the rise and hence therefore the frequency of intoxication. The aim of the study was to determine the type of poison which causes the suicidal poisoning, sex, age, occupation, place of poisoning, events and seasonal distribution of poisoned. This paper analyzes the suicidal poisoning, autopsied at the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Belgrade in two periods (1965-1969) and (2000-2004) years . To test for statistical significance was used Pearson's X2 test. Comparative analysis of the obtained results shows that a significantly more frequent suicidal poisoning in the first analyzed period (1965-1969), P<0.01 compared to the second (2000-2004) In the first research period, the suicidal purposes are often used caustic poisons (44.0%) and drugs (36.4%) with a slight dominance of the older age groups among the poisoned. According to the frequency of poisoning drugs no statistically significant differences in the analyzed periods (x2=0.248 , df=1, p=0.6) . In second research period, significantly dominated by males (79.5%) (x2=33.911 , df=1, p<0.0001), younger age groups (20-49 years , 86.99%), which were poisoned significantly more frequent in spring and summer (55%) compared to the first period. In both studied periods had no significant statistical difference in relation to occupation, place of poisoning and the clinical picture. The highest percentage of deaths (servants and housewives) in both periods were without clinical picture, because they were found dead in their own homes. Length of outliving period of several hours is significantly higher in the second examined period, because of application of more sophisticated, more toxic and simple to use poisons.

The objective was to determine the type of venom poisoning causes accidental, sex, age, occupation, place where the poisoning and seasonal distribution. The work was carried out comparative analysis of accidental poisoning in Belgrade in two five-year period 1965th to 1969. and since 2000. by 2004. year. The structure accidental poisoning in the first mentioned period dominated by gas poisoning (CO) and alcohol, and in the second period, poisoning psychoactive substances. In both the five-year period were more likely to be poisoned males. In the first study period, were often poisoned persons older age groups, while in the second period there was a shift to younger age groups. Between 1965 and 1969 and were significantly more frequent poisoning among farmers compared to the period 2000-2004, when they are significantly more common poisoning in students and the unemployed. The highest percentage of poisoned in both investigated period, was found in our own home with no signs of life. Accidental poisoning occurred more frequently in the winter months in the first study period, while in the second period seasonality is not expressed.

Family planning is a civilizational value that should lead to a reduction of abortions, especially abortion as a method of family planning. Contraception or pregnancy prevention is the most purposeful way of birth control. It includes all the means and methods to a certain point, and certainly before the implantation of blastocyst, they stop the natural process of reproduction. The aim of our study is to analyze the application of some method of contraception among women who had and who had an early abortion in the sample and to analyze the application of some method of contraception in the study group of women and their correlation with the attendance of education in counseling contraceptive after intentional interruption of early pregnancy. A significant change in the use of contraceptive after pregnancy termination, and conducted training in family planning, is that the increased incidence of permanent contraceptive methods, compared to their occasional use.