Ahigher concentrations of microorganisms in the vagina can lead to preterm delivery. Bacterial vaginosis is a well known risk factor of preterm delivery. Aim of this study was to estimate the presence of bacterial vaginosis as a potential cause of preterm delivery relative to the patients with term delivery, as well as to define the type of present bacteria. The results of our investigation showed more frequent presence of bacterial infection of the vagina in the patients with preterm delivery. The following bacteria have been cultured in the group of patients with preterm delivery: Streptocossus agalctiae, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus sp. and Escherichia coli. In prevention of preterm delivery, we recommend a routine screening of pregnant women (such as obtaining smears to bacterial infection) as well as administration of the therapy in case of positive findings, particularly in those presenting a risk for the development of bacterial vaginosis and preterm delivery. 

Premature labour is provoked by noumerous causes that represent a combination of socioeconomic, maternal and fetal factors, that usually act together. The introduction of of tocolytic agents in obstetric practice has not appeared to substantially change the incidence of preterm delivery. This problem is still one of the unsolved ones in perinatal medicine. The aim of the study was to present how structural and functional anomalies of placental physiology can be connected with this disarrangement of pregnancy.In our study of 327 pregnancies controled in our unit in 41 (13,26%) symtoms of premature labour were present: contractions, vaginal bleeding, abrevation and dilatation of cervical ostium. With adequate treatment, in form of combination of tocolytics, spasmolytics, hormones, nonsteroid antiinflammatorz drugs, antibiotics and atimycotics we have posponed delivery to term in 34 (82,92%) of cases. The use of appropriate medications, that blocks pahtophysiological mechanisms responsible for preterm labour in most cases we can enable prolongation of gestation and term delivery.

The genes mutate either spontaneously or under the influence of mutagenic agents (irradiation, viruses, toxins).
The occurrence of genetic syndromes in the scope of one family is pointing more to the inherited than to de novo mutation.
Aim of this study was to present two syndromes in the same family tree, occurring subsequently one by one, which carry severe mental retardation and have a poor prognosis and frequently tragic outcome. A case report was given of a patient in
whom both pregnancies were completed by birth of the newborns presenting with severe syndromes: the first one with
Down's syndrome and the second one with Prader-Willi-Labhart syndrome. The results of investigation point to the necessity of genetic investigations before pregnancy and during pregnancy as early as possible, in order to avoid giving birth to
the children with syndromes which bear severe mental retardation and having poor prognosis.